目的 分析早产儿出生时血清25-羟维生素D [25 （OH）D]水平与支气管肺发育不良 （BPD）的关系。方法 选取2014年1月至2016年12月入住NICU、出生胎龄 < 34周的早产儿，按是否患BPD分为BPD组 （41例）和对照组 （219例），分析25 （OH）D水平与BPD的关系。结果 BPD组血清25 （OH）D水平显著低于对照组 （37±17 nmol/L vs 47±20 nmol/L；P < 0.05）；维生素D缺乏率显著高于对照组 （90.2% vs 74.0%，P < 0.05）。血清25 （OH）D水平与BPD发生率呈负相关 （r=-0.201，P=0.001）。结论 早产儿维生素D缺乏可能与BPD发病有关，但需多因素分析进一步证实。

Objective To assess the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25 (OH)D] levels at birth and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Methods This study recruited preterm infants with gestational age of below 34 weeks who were born between January 2014 and December 2016. These preterm infants were classified into two groups:BPD and control. The association between serum 25 (OH)D levels at birth and BPD was analyzed. Results Serum 25 (OH)D levels in the BPD group was significantly lower than those in the control group[ (37±17 nmol/L vs 47±20 nmol/L; P < 0.05), and the rate of vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher than those in the control group (90.2% vs 74.0%; P < 0.05). The level of serum 25 (OH)D was negatively correlated with the incidence of BPD (r=-0.201, P=0.001). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency at birth may be associated with BPD in preterm infants, but need to be further studied by multivariate analysis.