床旁重症超声(point-of-care critical care ultrasound, POCCUS)系指在重症监护病房内,由具有重症救治能力的医务人员在床旁开展、实时获得患者病理生理和血流动力学信息,以用于诊断和获得个体化管理方案为目的的超声技术[1]。POCCUS被视为体格检查的重要扩展补充和提高重症监护病房医疗安全性的重要工具,而不是传统诊断性超声检查的替代。由于POCCUS有助于快速、实时获得危重患者器官功能障碍和衰竭的潜在原因和疾病程度,提高诊断的准确性和可靠性,以及减少漏诊和误诊,因而在指导重症患者及时正确救治和护理、提高病理状态下危重患者的安全性和改善预后方面发挥了越来越重要的作用。因篇幅所限不能面面俱到,本文仅结合典型病例和有关文献,简要阐述在新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit, NICU)内常规开展POCCUS的必要性和重要性。
脐动静脉置管和经外周静脉置入中心静脉穿刺术(peripherally inserted central catheter, PICC),尤其PICC是新生儿重症救治必不可少的关键技术。但传统置管方法不但存在置管成功率低、常需多次重复穿刺、并发症发生率高、X线定位不准确等不足,且X线定位对患儿和医护人员均存在不可避免的射线危害。近年来开展的超声引导下PICC置管术及导管尖端超声定位技术,不但使一次性置管成功率几达100%,置管耗时较传统方法缩短50%,且导管相关性血流感染、血栓、导管异位等并发症的发生率也显著降低[22-27]。为了推广和普及这一技术在新生儿临床的应用,特组织有关专家制定了《床旁超声指导新生儿经外周静脉置入中心静脉穿刺术临床实践指南(2026)》[28],并在本期发表。
Ultrasound findings and specific intrinsic blood volume expansion therapy for neonatal capillary leak syndrome: report from a multicenter prospective self-control study
Lung ultrasound to guide the administration of exogenous pulmonary surfactant in respiratory distress syndrome of newborn infants: a retrospective investigation study
The outcome- or cost-effectiveness analysis of LUS-based care or CXR-based care of neonatal lung diseases: the clinical practice evidence from a level Ⅲ NICU in China
Lung ultrasound completely replaced chest X-ray for diagnosing neonatal lung diseases: a 3-year clinical practice report from a neonatal intensive care unit in China
Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of neonatal stroke
2018
Ultrasound findings and specific intrinsic blood volume expansion therapy for neonatal capillary leak syndrome: report from a multicenter prospective self-control study
2024
被忽视而常见的新生儿脑损伤危险因素
2020
Myocardial edema: a rare but specific manifestation of neonatal capillary leak syndrome
2023
No critical ultrasound, no life: the value of point-of care critical ultrasound in the rescue of critically ill infants
2023
2019
Lung ultrasound to guide the administration of exogenous pulmonary surfactant in respiratory distress syndrome of newborn infants: a retrospective investigation study
2022
The outcome- or cost-effectiveness analysis of LUS-based care or CXR-based care of neonatal lung diseases: the clinical practice evidence from a level Ⅲ NICU in China
2022
超声监测下管理肺疾病: 或使早产儿支气管肺发育不良成为可避免的疾病
2024
The roles of point-of-care lung ultrasound in saving the life of neonates with rapidly deteriorative critical lung diseases
2024
Neonatal lung diseases: lung ultrasound or chest X-ray
2021
Lung ultrasound completely replaced chest X-ray for diagnosing neonatal lung diseases: a 3-year clinical practice report from a neonatal intensive care unit in China
2022
Using ultrasound instead of X-ray to diagnose neonatal lung disease: an important milestone in the development of neonatal medicine
2024
新生儿骨折的超声诊断
2020
Ultrasound instead of X-ray to diagnose neonatal fractures: a feasibility study based on a case series
2022
Accuracy of ultrasonographic measurements of inferior vena cava to determine fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2020
Fluid responsiveness and the six guiding principles of fluid resuscitation
2016
Accuracy of pocket-sized ultrasound devices to evaluate inferior vena cava diameter and variability in critically ill patients
2024
Fluid responsiveness assessment using inferior vena cava collapsibility among spontaneously breathing patients: systematic review and meta-analysis
2023
Use of inferior vena cava guided fluid therapy in the treatment of septic shock: a randomised controlled trial
2024
Role of ultrasound for central catheter tip localization in neonates: a review of the current evidence
2019
超声监测在新生儿经皮外周静脉置入中心静脉导管尖端定位中的应用
2019
Ultrasound to localize the peripherally inserted central catheter tip position in newborn infants
2021
新生儿经外周置入中心静脉导管尖端位置超声定位技术的改进
2021
Ultrasound to guided epicutaneo-caval catheter insertion in newborn infants
2022
Ultrasound guided catheter tip location in neonates: a prospective cohort study
2022
床旁超声指导新生儿经外周静脉置入中心静脉穿刺术临床实践指南(2026)
2026
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