Abstract：Objective To investigate the status of vaccination in children with human immunodefciency virus (HIV) infection. Methods A questionnaire survey was performed in 148 children in Hunan province, China who were registered in China's Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Comprehensive Response Information Management System up to December 31, 2016 and were aged Results Of the 148 children with HIV infection, there were 70 boys (47.3%) and 78 girls (52.7%); 140 children had an age of 3.8 (0.2-14.8) years at the time of confrmed diagnosis, and 8 children refused to answer this question. Mother-tochild transmission was found in 133 children (91.7%), blood transmission in 1 child (0.7%), and unknown in 14 children (9.5%). Of the 148 children, 129 (87.2%) received antiviral therapy and 19 (12.8%) did not receive such treatment. The vaccination rates of hepatitis B vaccine, bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine, poliomyelitis live attenuated vaccine and diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine ranged from 70.9% to 77.7%, which was signifcantly lower than the national level (≥ 97%); the vaccination rates of the other vaccines in the National Immunization Program gradually decreased with age. No severe adverse effects were reported after vaccination. Conclusions Mother-to-child transmission is the main route of HIV infection in Chinese children. The diagnosis of children with HIV infection is signifcantly delayed, with low vaccination rates. Efforts should be made to strengthen early diagnosis, early treatment and vaccination in children with HIV infection, in order to improve their quality of life.
HU Yi-Yun,XIONG Ran,TANG Hou-Lin et al. An investigation of vaccination in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection[J]. CJCP, 2019, 21(3): 199-202.
Scott P, Moss WJ, Gilani Z, et al. Measles vaccination in HIV-Infected children:systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and immunogenicity[J]. J Infect Dis, 2011, 204 Suppl 1:S164-S178.
[4]
Chandwani S, Beeler J, Li H, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of early measles vaccination in children born to HIV-infected mothers in the United States:results of Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) protocol 225[J]. J Infect Dis, 2011, 204 Suppl 1:S179-S189.
[5]
Mofenson LM, Brady MT, Danner SP, et al. Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections among HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children:recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the American Academy of Pediatrics[J]. MMWR Recomm Rep, 2009, 58(RR-11):1-166.
[6]
Bamford A, Manno EC, Mellado MJ, et al. Immunisation practices in centres caring for children with perinatally acquired HIV:a call for harmonisation[J]. Vaccine, 2016, 34(46):5587-5594.
Asturias EJ, Wharton M, Pless R, et al. Contributions and challenges for worldwide vaccine safety:The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety at 15 years[J]. Vaccine, 2016, 34(29):3342-3349.
[10]
World Health Organization. Measles vaccines:grading of scientifc evidence in support of key recommendations[DB/OL]. (2017-04-28)[2018-11-24].
[11]
World Health Organization. Safety update of BCG vaccine[DB/OL]. (2017-7-14)[2018-11-24]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/255870/WER9228.pdf;jsessionid=4A3BD4C7893ADF9BA2579B80A4BE5BDB?sequence=1.
[12]
Frota ACC, Harrison LH, Ferreira B, et al. Antibody persistence following meningococcal C conjugate vaccination in children and adolescents infected with human immunodefciency virus[J]. J Pediatr (Rio J), 2017, 93(5):532-537.
[13]
Warshaw MG, Siberry GK, Williams P, et al. Immunogenicity of a booster dose of quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in previously immunized HIV-infected children and youth[J]. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc, 2017, 6(3):e69-e74.
