Clinical features of children and their family members with family clusters of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection in Shanghai, China: an analysis of 380 cases

BIAN Xiang-Li; GUO Zhi; ZHANG Kun; LI Miao-Chen; WU Zhi-Min; JIANG Qin; GUO Miao-Miao; FAN Sai-Nan; CHEN Juan-Juan; HUI Lei; ZHENG Fang; ZHANG Jin-Ping

doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2205179

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Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10) : 1085-1091. DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2205179

TOPIC OF EPIDEMIC PREVENTION AND CONTROL

Clinical features of children and their family members with family clusters of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection in Shanghai, China: an analysis of 380 cases

BIAN Xiang-Li, GUO Zhi, ZHANG Kun, LI Miao-Chen, WU Zhi-Min, JIANG Qin, GUO Miao-Miao, FAN Sai-Nan, CHEN Juan-Juan, HUI Lei, ZHENG Fang, ZHANG Jin-Ping

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Abstract

Objective To study the clinical features and prognosis of children and their family members with family clusters of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection under the admission mode of parent-child ward. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 190 children and 190 family members with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection who were admitted to Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, the designated hospital for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), April 8 to May 10, 2022. Results Both the child and adult groups were mainly mild COVID-19, and the proportion of mild cases in the child group was higher than that in the adult group (P<0.05). Respiratory symptoms were the main clinical manifestations in both groups. Compared with the adult group, the child group had higher incidence rates of fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and wheezing (P<0.05) and lower incidence rates of nasal obstruction, runny nose, cough, dry throat, throat itching, and throat pain (P<0.05). Compared with the child group, the adult group had higher rates of use of Chinese patent drugs, traditional Chinese medicine decoction, recombinant interferon spray, cough-relieving and phlegm-eliminating drugs, and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir tablets (P<0.05). Compared with the adult group, the child group had a lower vaccination rate of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (30.5% vs 71.1%, P<0.001) and a shorter duration of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid (P<0.05). The patients with mild COVID-19 had a shorter duration of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid than those with common COVID-19 in both groups (P<0.05). The patients with underlying diseases had a longer duration of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid than those without such diseases in both groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Both children and adults with family clusters of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection manifest mainly mild COVID-19. Despite lower vaccination rate of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in children, they have rapid disease recovery, with a shorter duration of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid than adults, under the admission mode of parent-child ward.

Key words

Coronavirus disease 2019 / Omicron variant / Family cluster infection / Clinical feature / Child

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BIAN Xiang-Li, GUO Zhi, ZHANG Kun, LI Miao-Chen, WU Zhi-Min, JIANG Qin, GUO Miao-Miao, FAN Sai-Nan, CHEN Juan-Juan, HUI Lei, ZHENG Fang, ZHANG Jin-Ping. Clinical features of children and their family members with family clusters of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection in Shanghai, China: an analysis of 380 cases[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2022, 24(10): 1085-1091 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2205179

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