Longitudinal study on catch-up growth in preterm infants with small for gestational age at corrected ages 0-24 months

LI Jia-Mei; XIE Qun-Ying; WEN Yu-Qi; SONG Yan-Yan; LIANG Hui-Ying; HU Yan

doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2307059

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Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1) : 72-80. DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2307059

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Longitudinal study on catch-up growth in preterm infants with small for gestational age at corrected ages 0-24 months

LI Jia-Mei, XIE Qun-Ying, WEN Yu-Qi, SONG Yan-Yan, LIANG Hui-Ying, HU Yan

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Abstract

Objective To understand the growth and development status and differences between small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) preterm infants during corrected ages 0-24 months, and to provide a basis for early health interventions for preterm infants. Methods A retrospective study was conducted, selecting 824 preterm infants who received regular health care at the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from July 2019 to July 2022, including 144 SGA and 680 AGA infants. The growth data of SGA and AGA groups at birth and corrected ages 0-24 months were analyzed and compared. Results The SGA group had significantly lower weight and length than the AGA group at corrected ages 0-18 months (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between the two groups at corrected age 24 months (P>0.05). At corrected age 24 months, 85% (34/40) of SGA and 79% (74/94) of AGA preterm infants achieved catch-up growth. Stratified analysis by gestational age showed that there were significant differences in weight and length at corrected ages 0-9 months between the SGA subgroup with gestational age <34 weeks and the AGA subgroups with gestational age <34 weeks and ≥34 weeks (P<0.05). In addition, the weight and length of the SGA subgroup with gestational age ≥34 weeks showed significant differences compared to the AGA subgroups with gestational age <34 weeks and ≥34 weeks at corrected ages 0-18 months and corrected ages 0-12 months, respectively (P<0.05). Catch-up growth for SGA infants with gestational age <34 weeks and ≥34 weeks mainly occurred at corrected ages 0-12 months and corrected ages 0-18 months, respectively. Conclusions SGA infants exhibit delayed early-life physical growth compared to AGA infants, but can achieve a higher proportion of catch-up growth by corrected age 24 months than AGA infants. Catch-up growth can be achieved earlier in SGA infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks compared to those with ≥34 weeks.

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Small for gestational age / Appropriate for gestational age / Physical growth / Catch-up growth / Preterm infant

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LI Jia-Mei, XIE Qun-Ying, WEN Yu-Qi, SONG Yan-Yan, LIANG Hui-Ying, HU Yan. Longitudinal study on catch-up growth in preterm infants with small for gestational age at corrected ages 0-24 months[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2024, 26(1): 72-80 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2307059

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