Objective To study the etiology of upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage in children. Methods One hundred children with upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage were examined by gastroscopy. Results Abnormal findings were noted in 93% of patients, with duodenal bulbar ulcer being the commonest disorder (33%). Other abnormalities included severe superficial gastritis (19%), duodenitis accompanied by gastritis (11%), esophagitis (9%) and gastric ulcer (8%). HP test was positive in 60% of patients. Conclusions Upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage occurs frequently in school-age children. Duodenal bulbar ulcer is commonly observed and has a close correlation with HP infection.