OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between emotional disorder and types of temperament in children. METHODS: The temperament types were tested in 48 children with emotional disorder (observed group) and 60 normal children (control group) using the Parent Temperament Questionnaire (PTQ). RESULTS: Type D temperament was found in the majority of the observed group ( 64.6% ); it was 30.0% in the control group (P< 0.01 ). There were more children with type E temperament in the control group (53.3%) than in the observed group (18.7%) (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Children with type D temperament might be more prone to emotional disorder.