Objective In recent years, the resistance of typhoid to antibiotics has increased. To seek to an effective medicine for the treatment of typhoid in children, this study examined the therapeutic effect of azithromycine, a new generation of macrolides, on this disorder.Methods Forty-five children with typhoid were randomly assigned into two groups:an Azithromycine-treated group (n=23) and a Ceftriaxone-treated group (Control,n=22). The therapeutic and side effects on the two groups were compared. Results There were no differences in the response rate to treatment between the Azithromycine-treated group and Control group (100% vs 90.9%). The time of fever relieving in the Azithromycine-treated group was 3.12±0.44 days, which was not significantly different from the Control group (3.18±0.53 days). No serious side effects were found in either group. Conclusions Azithromycine appears effective in the treatment of childhood typhoid.