Abstract Objective To investigate the main risk factors for asthma in Chinese children, and to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods The databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched for studies on risk factors for asthma in Chinese children published up to September 2017. Stata 12.0 was used for the Meta analysis. Results A total of 24 case-control studies were included, with 5 309 cases in the case group and 6 404 cases in the control group. The Meta analysis showed that a family history of asthma (OR=5.246, 95% CI:3.435-8.011), a family history of allergy (OR=4.627, 95% CI:2.450-8.738), atopic constitution (OR=4.659, 95% CI:2.511-8.644), allergic rhinitis (OR=11.510, 95% CI:6.769-19.574), a history of eczema/dermatitis (OR=4.919, 95% CI:3.514-6.886), a history of allergies (OR=4.732, 95% CI:2.802-7.989), a history of food allergies (OR=5.890, 95% CI:3.412-10.166), a history of drug allergies (OR=4.664, 95% CI:2.637-8.252), mold contamination at home (OR=2.483, 95% CI:1.671-3.690), flowers at home (OR=1.748, 95% CI:1.383-2.209), a history of house decoration (OR=2.823, 95% CI:2.206-3.935), and cesarean section (OR=1.894, 95% CI:1.166-3.077) were risk factors for asthma in children, while breastfeeding was a protective factor against asthma (OR=0.508, 95% CI:0.396-0.653). Conclusions The development of asthma in Chinese children is associated with a variety of factors, among which a family history of asthma, a family history of allergy, atopic constitution, a history of allergies, allergic comorbidities, cesarean section, and bad family environment can increase the risk of asthma in children, while breastfeeding can reduce the risk.
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