Abstract Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an important cause of deaths in critically ill children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. Although lung-protective ventilation improves the prognosis of pediatric ARDS, the mortality rate of children with moderate or severe ARDS is still high. Given that the epidemiology, treatment, and prognosis of pediatric ARDS are different from those of adult ARDS, pediatric ARDS was first defined in the 2015 Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference. Early diagnosis and appropriate clinical management of ARDS are still great challenges for pediatric critical care medicine. This paper focuses on the definition, epidemiology, and management of pediatric ARDS.
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