Abstract Objective To study the clinical value of lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement C3 and C4 in the evaluation of immune status in children with hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD). Methods A total of 282 children with HFMD were enrolled as the HFMD group, and 130 healthy children were enrolled as the healthy control group. The percentages of peripheral CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD19+ B lymphocytes, and CD56+ natural killer cells were measured. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio was calculated. The levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and complement C3 and C4 were measured. Results The multivariate analysis showed that compared with the healthy control group, the HFMD group had significantly lower percentages of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes and levels of complement C3 and C4 (P < 0.05), as well as significantly higher percentage of CD56+ natural killer cells and level of IgG (P < 0.05). The individual effect analysis showed that the children aged 0-3 years in the HFMD group had a significantly higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio than the healthy control group (P < 0.05); boys aged 0-3 and ≥ 3 years in the HFMD group had a significantly higher level of IgM than the healthy control group (P < 0.05); boys aged ≥ 3 years and girls aged 0-3 years in the HFMD group had a significantly lower level of IgA than the healthy control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Cellular and humoral immunity disorders are observed in children with HFMD. The monitoring of lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels can provide a laboratory basis for immune status assessment in children with HFMD.
LIU Xiao-Mei,CUI Zhen-Ze,JING Shu-Jun et al. Levels of lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement C3 and C4 in children with hand-foot-mouth disease[J]. CJCP, 2019, 21(12): 1203-1207.
LIU Xiao-Mei,CUI Zhen-Ze,JING Shu-Jun et al. Levels of lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement C3 and C4 in children with hand-foot-mouth disease[J]. CJCP, 2019, 21(12): 1203-1207.
Shao P, Wu X, Li H, et al. Clinical significance of inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression in hand, foot and mouth disease[J]. Mol Med Rep, 2017, 15(5):2859-2866.
[7]
Yang J, Yang C, Guo N, et al. Type I interferons triggered through the Toll-like receptor 3-TRIF pathway control Coxsackievirus A16 infection in young mice[J]. J Virol, 2015, 89(21):10860-10867.
[8]
Ye N, Gong X, Pang LL, et al. Cytokine responses and correlations thereof with clinical profiles in children with enterovirus 71 infections[J]. BMC Infect Dis, 2015, 15:225.
Yee PTI, Poh CL. T cell immunity to enterovirus 71 infection in humans and implications for vaccine development[J]. Int J Med Sci, 2018, 15(11):1143-1152.
[13]
Lin YL, Chow YH, Huang LM, et al. A CpG-adjuvanted intranasal enterovirus 71 vaccine elicits mucosal and systemic immune responses and protects human SCARB2-transgenic mice against lethal challenge[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):10713.
