流感病毒H7N9亚型自2013年3月在中国上海等地首次报告感染类以来，已经出现2例儿童患者和1例健康携带者。本文简要描述3例儿童的基本情况，结合文献讨论了禽流感病毒的变异，小聚集尚不能确定有人传人传播，H7N9人禽流感感染的防治链与预防措施，还介绍了早期使用达菲及重度阶段应用帕拉米韦等药物的应用方法。

Since the first human case of influenza A virus subtype H7N9 was reported in Shanghai, China in March 2013, there have been two H7N9-infected children and one healthy H7N9 carrier. With a brief introduction to the basic information of the three children, this paper discusses the variation of Avian influenza virus by referring to the literature, suggests that human-to-human transmission is not confirmed in the small outbreak, and reviews the measures for preventing and treating H7N9 infection in humans. In addition, this paper talks about the use of tamiflu in early stage of infection and the use of peramivir when the patient’s condition is severe.