目的 探讨成都地区新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染患儿的临床特征。 方法 回顾性分析2022年8月28日—9月21日于成都市方舱医院隔离治疗的226例感染新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株患儿的临床资料，根据感染过程中有无临床症状将其分为无症状感染组和轻症组，比较两组患儿的临床特征、诊治及转归的差异。 结果 226例Omicron变异株感染患儿中无症状感染71例（31.4%），轻症155例（68.6%）。临床症状以发热（61.3%，95/155）、咳嗽（59.4%，92/155）最常见。188例（83.2%）儿童接种过疫苗。核酸转阴时间为6∽26 d，核酸转阴率为58.0%（131/226）。不同年龄组患儿在性别、前期症状、临床分型、核酸复阳率、核酸转阴率及住院时长等方面比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。无症状感染组和轻症组患儿在年龄、性别、基础疾病、疫苗接种、连花清瘟颗粒的使用、核酸转阴率、核酸复阳率、住院时长等方面比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 成都地区Omicron变异株感染患儿临床症状轻微，以上呼吸道感染症状为主，对各年龄段儿童健康威胁均小，总体预后良好。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of children infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Chengdu of China. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for the clinical data of 226 children who were infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-Cov-2 and were isolated and treated in Chengdu Shelter Hospital from August 28 to September 21, 2022. According to the presence or absence of clinical symptoms, they were divided into two groups: asymptomatic group and mild symptomatic group. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis. Results Among the 226 children infected with the Omicron variant, 71 (31.4%) were asymptomatic and 155 (68.6%) had mild symptoms. Fever and cough were the most common clinical symptoms, with fever in 95 children (61.3%) and cough in 92 children (59.4%). Of all 226 children, 188 (83.2%) received coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. The time to nucleic acid clearance ranged from 6 to 26 days, with a nucleic acid clearance rate of 58.0% (131/226). There were no significant differences among different age groups in sex, early symptoms, clinical typing, nucleic acid re-positive rate, nucleic acid clearance rate, and length of hospital stay (P>0.05). There were no significant differences between the asymptomatic and mild symptomatic groups in age, sex, underlying diseases, COVID-19 vaccination, use of Lianhua Qingwen granules, nucleic acid clearance rate, nucleic acid re-positive rate, and length of hospital stay (P>0.05). Conclusions Children infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-Cov-2 in Chengdu generally have mild clinical symptoms, mainly upper respiratory tract infection, which has little threat to the health of children of different ages, and children tend to have a good overall prognosis.
关键词
新型冠状病毒 /
Omicron变异株 /
临床特征 /
儿童
Key words
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 /
Omicron variant /
Clinical characteristic /
Child
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基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFC2701705）。
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