目的 从全球、区域及国家3个层面探讨新生儿黄疸疾病负担，为新生儿黄疸防治提供依据。 方法 检索2019全球疾病负担数据库，收集该数据库新生儿黄疸的发病人数/率、死亡人数/率和全球社会人口指数（socio-demographic index, SDI）和全民健康覆盖指数（universal health coverage index, UHCI），统计1990－2019年新生儿黄疸的流行趋势，并研究新生儿黄疸发病率/死亡率与SDI、UHCI之间的关系。 结果 1990－2019年，全球新生儿黄疸发病人数从1990年的601 681例增加到2019年的626 005例，增幅为4.04%；全球年龄标准化发病率呈上升趋势［估计年度变化百分比：0.13（95%CI：0.03~0.23）］。全球死亡人数从1990年的128 119例下降至2019年的52 742例，降幅为58.83%；全球年龄标准化死亡率呈下降趋势［估计年度变化百分比：-2.78（95%CI：-3.00~-2.57）］。印度、巴基斯坦、尼日利亚等SDI较低的国家新生儿黄疸发病人数和死亡人数所占比例均较高。2019年新生儿黄疸的年龄标准化死亡率的估计年度变化百分比与SDI（ρ=-0.320，P<0.05）和UHCI（ρ=-0.252，P<0.05）均呈负相关。 结论 全球新生儿黄疸发病率呈上升趋势，而死亡率呈下降趋势；新生儿黄疸疾病负担与社会发展及经济、医疗水平有关。
Abstract
Objective To examine the global, regional, and national disease burden of neonatal jaundice. Methods The 2019 Global Burden of Disease database was searched to collect incident cases/incidence and deaths/mortality of neonatal jaundice, as well as global socio-demographic index (SDI) and universal health coverage index (UHCI). The epidemiological trend of neonatal jaundice from 1990 to 2019 was analyzed. The correlations between incidence/mortality of neonatal jaundice and SDI and UHCI were evaluated. Results From 601 681 in 1990 to 626 005 in 2019, with a 4.04% increase in global incident cases of neonatal jaundice. The overall age-standardized incidence rate exhibited an increase [estimated annual percent change=0.13 (95%CI: 0.03 to 0.23)] during this period. Additionally, deaths due to neonatal jaundice decreased by 58.83%, from 128 119 in 1990 to 52 742 in 2019. The overall age-standardized mortality rate showed a decrease [estimated annual percent change=-2.78 (95%CI: -3.00 to -2.57)] over the same period. Countries with lower SDI, such as India, Pakistan, and Nigeria, reported a higher proportion of neonatal morbidity and mortality. In 2019, a negative correlation was observed between estimated annual percent change in age-standardized mortality rate and SDI (ρ=-0.320, P<0.05) or UHCI (ρ=-0.252, P<0.05). Conclusions The global incidence of neonatal jaundice is on the rise, while the mortality rate is declining. The burden of neonatal jaundice is influenced by social development, economic factors, and the level of medical care.
关键词
新生儿黄疸 /
全球疾病负担 /
发病率 /
死亡率 /
变化趋势 /
新生儿
Key words
Neonatal jaundice /
Global disease burden /
Incidence /
Mortality /
Epidemiological trend /
Neonate
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参考文献
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