目的 通过对数据集分析，探索儿童过敏性哮喘中潜在的环状RNA（circular RNA, circRNA）-微小RNA（microRNA, miRNA）-信使RNA（messenger RNA, mRNA）免疫调控网络。 方法 从GEO数据库获得儿童过敏性哮喘患者和健康对照者的circRNA、miRNA和mRNA数据集。利用Limma筛选出显著差异表达的circRNA、miRNA和mRNA。应用ENCORI等预测并构建内源性RNA调控网络。使用DAVID进行GO和KEGG分析。利用CIBERSORT和Pearson分析与免疫细胞浸润相关的基因。 结果 哮喘组与对照组之间共鉴定出差异表达的130个circRNA、40个miRNA和802个mRNA，并建立由12个circRNA、7个miRNA和75个mRNA组成的调控网络。GO分析发现差异基因主要调节生长发育等。KEGG结果显示其主要参与mTOR信号通路等。CIBERSORT分析发现哮喘组中的CD8⁺ T细胞和静息NK细胞高于对照组，而静息CD4⁺记忆T细胞和活化肥大细胞低于对照组。Pearson分析发现6个关键mRNA与免疫细胞浸润呈正相关性。 结论 该研究构建的ceRNA免疫调控网络，可为儿童过敏性哮喘的机制研究及探索潜在的治疗靶点提供依据。

Objective To investigate the potential circular RNA (circRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) immune regulatory network in childhood allergic asthma by analyzing microarray datasets. Methods GEO database was used to obtain the datasets of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA from children with allergic asthma and healthy controls. The Limma package was used to identify differentially expressed circRNA (DEcircRNA), miRNA (DEmiRNA), and mRNA (DEmRNA). ENCORI and other tools were used to predict and construct the regulatory network of endogenous RNA. The DAVID database was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, and CIBERSORT and Pearson were used to identify genes associated with immune cell infiltration. Results A total of 130 DEcircRNAs, 40 DEmiRNAs, and 802 DEmRNAs were identified between the asthma and control groups, and a regulatory network consisting of 12 circRNAs, 7 miRNAs, and 75 mRNAs was established. The GO analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the regulation of growth and development, and the KEGG analysis showed that they were mainly involved in the mTOR signaling pathway. The CIBERSORT analysis showed that compared with the control group, the asthma group had higher percentages of CD8⁺ T cells and resting NK cells and lower percentages of resting CD4⁺ memory T cells and activated mast cells. In addition, the Pearson correlation analysis identified six key mRNAs that were positively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Conclusions The ceRNA immune regulatory network constructed in this study provides a basis for research on the mechanism of childhood allergic asthma and potential therapeutic targets.