目的 探究硫酸沙丁胺醇联合丙酸倍氯米松吸入治疗儿童支气管哮喘的疗效和安全性。 方法 选取2022年12月—2023年11月期间的106例支气管哮喘患儿，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各53例。对照组在常规对症治疗的基础上进行硫酸沙丁胺醇治疗，治疗组在对照组的基础上加用丙酸倍氯米松吸入治疗，比较两组症状缓解时间、哮喘控制情况、血常规特征参数、白细胞介素-4水平、γ干扰素水平、感染发生率及不良反应发生率。 结果 与对照组比较，治疗组症状缓解时间及完全消失时间更短（P<0.05）。治疗组治疗7 d后哮喘控制评分、γ干扰素、淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值均高于对照组（P<0.05），中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值、嗜酸性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值、白细胞介素-4、感染发生率、总不良反应发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 硫酸沙丁胺醇联合丙酸倍氯米松吸入治疗能提升疗效，促进Th1/Th2细胞免疫平衡，优化多种血细胞平衡状态，且安全性较高。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of inhaled salbutamol sulfate combined with beclomethasone dipropionate in the treatment of pediatric bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 106 children with bronchial asthma treated from December 2022 to November 2023 were randomly assigned to a control group (n=53) and a treatment group (n=53). The control group received conventional symptomatic management plus salbutamol sulfate, while the treatment group received additional inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate. The symptom relief time, asthma control status, complete blood count parameters, interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels, infection incidence, and adverse event rate were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the treatment group had shorter times to symptom relief and complete symptom resolution (P<0.05). After 7 days of therapy, the treatment group showed higher asthma control score, IFN-γ level, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio than the control group (P<0.05), and lower neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, IL-4 level, infection incidence, and overall adverse event rate (P<0.05). Conclusions Inhaled salbutamol sulfate combined with beclomethasone dipropionate improves clinical efficacy, promotes T helper 1/T helper 2 immune balance, optimizes multiple hematologic indices, and demonstrates good safety in children with bronchial asthma.