目的 研究有急性脑血管病家族史的少年儿童和有心肌梗塞家族史的少年儿童血清脂蛋白(Lp)(a)的改变。方法 采用单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血清Lp(a)，有心肌梗塞家族史少年儿童33例，有急性脑血管病家族史少年儿童30例，正常儿童对照组33例。所有受检者在年龄、性别、身高、体重方面无统计学差异，心、肝、肾功能正常。结果 有心肌梗塞家族史的少年儿童，Lp(a)增高频率为48％、Lp(a)水平明显高于对照组；有急性脑血管病家族史的少年儿童，Lp(a)增高频率为33％，Lp(a)水平与正常对照组比较，差异无统计学意义。结论 对有心肌梗塞家族史的后代适时检查与继续观察Lp(a)，是实施早期干预的一项措施；对有急性脑血管病家族史的少年儿童，继续观察Lp(a)的变化，以期作为一项预报因子。

Objective To study the changes of Liopoprotein (a) in 96 children with a family history of either myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular events. Methods Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) was used to determine Lp(a).Results The level of Lp(a) markedly increased in children with a family history of myocardial infarction as compared with normal controls, meanwhile, the level of Lp(a) did not markedly increase in children with a family history of cerebrovascular events.Conclusions (1) It is necessary for children with a family history of myocardial infarction to have a test and to follow up for Lp(a) at the appropriate time. (2) Continued studies are being conducted on the changes of Lp(a) in children with a family history of cerebrovascular events.