目的　探讨外周血T细胞亚群和血清免疫球蛋白的改变在儿童支气管哮喘发病中的作用。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验 ,SPA直接花环法及单向免疫扩散法对 30例支气管哮喘患儿和 2 0例健康对照小儿的外周血T细胞亚群和血清免疫球蛋白进行测定。结果　对照组CD3 + ,CD4 + 和CD8+ 的百分值分别为 72 .38± 8.19% ,45 .48± 4.2 7% ,31.2 9± 4.0 2 % ,CD4 + /CD8+ 比值为 1.2 8± 0 .2 3。哮喘患儿外周血CD3 + (37.15± 7.16 % )和CD8+(2 6 .5 6± 2 .18% )细胞数明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,CD4 + (46 .10± 4.5 2 % )细胞数略高于对照组 ,差异无显著性(P >0 .0 5 ) ,CD4 + /CD8+ (1.5 1± 0 .44 )比值则显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,对照组IgG ,IgA ,IgM ,IgE分别为10 .6 7± 2 .5 3g/L ,1.18± 0 .6 9g/L ,1.6 0± 0 .5 4g/L ,178± 30IU ;哮喘患儿血清IgE(386± 15 4IU)明显增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,IgM(1.2 9± 0 .41% ) ,IgG(9.35± 2 .2 6 g/L)则显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,IgA(1.34± 0 .76 g/L)两组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　哮喘患儿存在血清免疫球蛋白改变 ;T抑制细胞数量和 (或 )功能不足可能是导致免疫球蛋白改变的主要机制。

Objective To study the effect of changes of T cell subsets and immunoglobulin on the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children. Methods Using ELISA, directed SPA, and simple immunodiffusion techniques, we measured T cell subsets and immunoglobulin levels in 30 asthmatic children and in 20 normal subjects. Results In the control group the values of CD 3 +, CD 4 + and CD 8 + were 72.38 ± 8.19% , 45.48 ± 4.27% and 31.29 ± 4.02% , respectively, and the CD 4 +/CD 8 + ratio was 1.28 ± 0.23 . Asthmatic children had decreased CD 3 + ( 67.15 ± 7.16% vs 72.38 ± 8.19% ) and CD 8 + T subsets ( 26.56 ± 2.18% vs. 31.29 ± 4.02% ) (P< 0.01 ), but an apparent increase in the CD 4/CD 8 ratio ( 1.51 ± 0.44 ) (P< 0.05 ) compared with the normal children. In the control group, the levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE were 10.67 ± 2.53 g/L, 1.18 ± 0.69 g/L, 1.60 ± 0.54 g/L and 178±30 IU, respectively. IgE levels (386±154 IU) in the cases of asthma were significantly higher than those in the control subjects (P< 0.01 ). Both IgM ( 1.29 ± 0.41 g/L) and IgG ( 9.35 ± 2.26 g/L) levels were statistically lower than those of the normal children (P< 0.01 and < 0.05 , respectively). Conclusions In children with asthma changes in immunoglobulin levels may result from a dysfunction and (or) an inadequate number of T suppressor lymphocytes. [