目的　探讨小儿膀胱输尿管返流的临床特征、治疗和预后。方法　对 5 8例小儿膀胱输尿管返流的临床资料进行回顾性研究。结果　原发性膀胱输尿管返流 31例 (5 3 % ) ,继发性返流 2 7例 (4 7% ) ;大多数在婴幼儿期发病 (5 5 % ) ,无特异性临床表现 ;返流越严重 ,肾瘢痕形成率越高 ,蛋白尿及高血压与肾功能损害有关 ;持续小剂量抗菌药物预防性治疗对返流治疗有效率达 71%。结论　早期诊断、及时治疗对小儿膀胱输尿管返流预后十分重要。

Objective To investigate the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in children. Methods Fifty eight cases of children with VUR were enrolled in this retrospective study. Results Primary VUR accounted for 53% and secondary VUR account for 47% . VUR was likely to occurr in children under three years, and the clinical symptoms of VUR were non specific in most patients. The more serious the reflux, the more likely the scarring. The severity of proteinuria and hypertension was directly associated with the reduction of renal function. Persistent small doses of antibiotics were used as preventive therapy; this was successful in 71% of the cases of VUR. Conclusions Early diagnosis and immediate treatment are necessary to improve the prognosis of VUR.