目的 研究板层蛋白在肾小球疾病时质或量的改变，探讨它们在肾脏中的生理功能和病理学意义。方法 本研究以板层蛋白α1，α2，β1，β2，γ1结构链为观察对象，用免疫组织化学和原位杂交技术研究它们在48例肾小球疾病病理肾活检组织中的表达和分布是否发生质或量的改变。结果LNα1，α2，β1和γ1的mRNA在伴系膜增生的肾小球内表达有不同程度的增加，增生的系膜细胞是主要的细胞来源。在肾小球系膜增殖节段和硬化病灶附近伴有LNα1和γ1的蛋白增多和LNα2，β1蛋白的异常表达，而LNβ2链在相应节段的系膜区和GBM表达出现不同程度的下降。结论在系膜增生的肾小球疾病中，增生的系膜细胞是肾小球内板层蛋白量的积聚和异常合成的重要细胞来源。在肾小球疾病中，板层蛋白的合成出现量和质的变化，这可能是肾小球疾病进展和恶化的物质基础。

Objective To observe the qualitative and quantitative alterations of laminins in glomerular diseases, and to clarify their biological and pathological significance to evaluate the role in the pathotgensis. Method Five laminin chains (α1, α2, β1, β2 and γ1 ) were studied by immunohisto - chemistry and in situ hybridization. The qualitative and quantitative changes of distribution and mRNA expression were observed in 48 renal biopsy specimens from patients with glomerular diseases. Results The mRNA expressions of α1, α2, β1 and γ1 increased with different degrees in glomeruli associated with mesangial proliferation. These increases originated from proliferative mesangial cells. Increased expressions of α1 and γ1 proteins and abnormal expressions of α1 and β1 proteins were found in the segments with mesangial proliferation and glomerulosclerosis, whereas the expression of β2 decreased in the mesangium and GBM of the same lesions in various degrees. Conclusions Proliferative mesangial cells are the origins of abnormal accumulation and expression of laminins in the measngial proliferative glomeruli. The quantitative and qualitative alterations of laminin chains distribution were found in glomerular diseases. It may be the basis of the progression and deterioration of glomerular diseases.