目的：新生儿窒息可引起全身多脏器功能损害，该文通过观察窒息新生儿血、尿β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)及尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)含量的变化以评价新生儿窒息后肾功能的改变。方法：采用放射免疫法和对硝基酚比色法对28例窒息新生儿(又分为重度窒息组13例和轻度窒息组15例)和16例正常新生儿血、尿β2-MG及尿NAG同时进行检测。结果：窒息组血、尿β2-MG及尿NAG值［(4.46±1.42) mg/L，(2.69±1.80) mg/L，(13.68±2.01) U/mmol.Cr］明显高于正常组［(2.97±1.24) mg/L，(0.96±0.82) mg/L，(6.12±1.16) U/mmol.Cr］(P<0.01)。重度窒息组血、尿β2-MG及尿NAG值［(4.99±1.28) mg/L，(3.86±1.14) mg/L，(13.94±3.82) U/mmol.Cr］高于轻度窒息组［(4.30±1.21) mg/L，(2.93±0.87) mg/L，(9.68±1.27) U/mmol.Cr］(P<0.05)。窒息新生儿尿β2-MG较血β2-MG升高更明显(P<0.01)。结论：血、尿β2-MG及尿NAG测定对早期评价新生儿窒息后肾功能损害，尤其是对肾小球或肾小管的损害定位、预测损伤程度具有重要意义。

OBJECTIVE: Neonatal asphyxia may lead to multiple organ lesions. This paper aims at studying the changes of β 2 microglobin (β 2 MG) in blood and urine and N Acetyl β D Glucosaminidase (NAG) in urine so as to evaluate the renal function in neonates after asphyxia. METHODS: Radioimmunity and colorimetry were used to simultaneously measure β 2 MG levels in blood and urine and urinary NAG level in 28 neonates with neonatal asphyxia and 16 healthy neonates. RESULTS: Compared with healthy infants, the levels of β 2 MG in blood and urine and the level of NAG in urine [( 4.46 ± 1.42 ) mg/L vs ( 2.97 ± 1.24 ) mg/L, ( 2.69 ± 1.80 ) mg/L vs ( 0.96 ± 0.82 ) mg/L, ( 13.68 ± 2.01 U/mmol.Cr vs ( 6.12 ± 1.16 ) U/mmol/Cr, respectively] significantly increased in neonates with asphyxia (P< 0.01 ). The levels of β 2 MG in blood and urine and the NAG level in urine [( 4.99 ± 1.28 ) mg/L, ( 3.86 ± 1.14 ) mg/L, ( 13.94 ± 3.82 ) U/mmol.Cr, respectively] were significantly higher in the neonates with severe asphyxia than those in neonates with mild asphyxia [( 4.30 ± 1.21 ) mg/L, ( 2.93 ± 0.87 ) mg/L, ( 9.68 ± 1.27 ) U/mmol/L.Cr, respectively](P< 0.05 ). The levels of β 2 MG in urine increased more obviously than the β 2 MG level in blood in neonates with asphyxia (P< 0.01 ). CONCLUSIONS: β 2 MG in blood and urine and NAG in urine may be useful indexes for the early evaluation of renal function, especially of the orientation of injury of glomerular or renal tubular and of the severity of renal lesions in neonates following asphyxia.