目的：新生儿因处于暂时性的免疫功能低下的状态而容易发生感染性疾病，也是新生儿发病和死亡的重要原因。寻找指标以早期诊断新生儿感染性疾病是临床和研究的重点之一。本研究探讨血清IL-8、IL-10、IL-13水平在新生儿细菌感染的早期诊断和疗效判断中的意义。方法：用ELISA测定3组血清各细胞因子的水平。感染组：21例细菌感染的足月新生儿。非感染组：20例非感染性疾病的足月新生儿。脐血组：30例正常足月新生儿。结果：感染组IL-8、IL-10和IL-13水平(87.0±82.6，35.1±34.8，23.2±46.2 pg/ml)较非感染组升高(56.6±13.2，21.6±12.9，12.0±32.3 pg/ml)(P<0.05)；感染组治疗后IL-8和IL-10水平(51.2±3.1，18.5±3.3 pg/ml)较治疗前下降(P<0.05)；非感染组IL-13较脐血组(1.2±0.3 pg/ml)显著升高(P<0.05)，IL-8、IL-10在两组间无区别。结论：新生儿细菌感染时血清IL-8、IL-10和IL-13显著升高，可做为新生儿细菌感染的参考标志物，而IL-8和IL-10的变化有助于评估新生儿感染的治疗效果。［中国当代儿科杂志，2004, 6(5): 365-368］

OBJECTIVE: Neonates are susceptible to infectious diseases and are associated with high mortality due to transient low immunity. This study aims to assess the significance of serum levels of IL-8, IL-10 and IL-13 in early diagnosis and therapy of neonatal infectious diseases in term neonates. METHODS: Three groups were studied: 1) an Infected group consisting of 21 term neonates with proven bacterial infection; 2) a Non-infected group consisting of 20 sick but non-infected term neonates; and 3) a Umbilical blood group consisting of 30 healthy term neonates from whom umbilical vein blood was obtained immediately after birth. Serum levels of IL-8, IL-10 and IL-13 were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. RESULTS: The serum levels of IL-8, IL-10 and IL-13 were significantly higher in the Infected group ( 87.0± 82.6, 35.1± 34.8 and 23.2± 46.2 pg/ml) compared with Non-infected group ( 56.6± 13.2, 21.6± 12.9 and 12.0± 32.3 pg/ml) (all P< 0.05). The serum levels of IL-8 and IL-10 in the Infected group decreased significantly after anti-infection treatment ( 51.2± 3.1 and 18.5± 3.3 pg/ml) (both P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the IL-13 level before and after treatment. Serum IL-13 level was significantly higher in the Non-infected group compared to the Umbilical blood group ( 1.2± 0.3 pg/ml) (P< 0.05), although the IL-8 and IL-10 levels were the same for the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Serum IL-8, IL-10 and IL-13 may be useful as indicators of neonatal bacterial infection. Serum IL-8 and IL-10 might be useful in the evaluation of efficacy of therapy in bacterial infection.