目的　近年来儿童伤寒耐药性明显升高,且对目前的替代剂头孢曲松和诺氟沙星的耐药菌株也有 增多的趋势,为探讨治疗儿童伤寒其它合适替代药物,该文采用阿奇霉素治疗儿童伤寒并观察其临床疗效、副作用和 耐受性。方法　45例确诊伤寒患儿,随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组23例,给予阿奇霉素治疗;对照组22例,给予 头孢曲松钠治疗。观察其临床疗效和副作用。结果　治疗组与对照组有效率分别为100%和90.9%,两组间差异无 显著性(P>0.05);治疗组与对照组退热时间分别为3.12±0.44d和3.18±0.53d,两组间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。 两组均未出现不良反应。结论　阿奇霉素治疗儿童伤寒具有良好疗效。

Objective In recent years, the resistance of typhoid to antibiotics has increased. To seek to an effective medicine for the treatment of typhoid in children, this study examined the therapeutic effect of azithromycine, a new generation of macrolides, on this disorder.Methods Forty-five children with typhoid were randomly assigned into two groups:an Azithromycine-treated group (n=23) and a Ceftriaxone-treated group (Control,n=22). The therapeutic and side effects on the two groups were compared. Results There were no differences in the response rate to treatment between the Azithromycine-treated group and Control group (100% vs 90.9%). The time of fever relieving in the Azithromycine-treated group was 3.12±0.44 days, which was not significantly different from the Control group (3.18±0.53 days). No serious side effects were found in either group. Conclusions Azithromycine appears effective in the treatment of childhood typhoid.