目的：探讨哮喘患儿IL-16，IL-18，免疫球蛋白的动态变化及IL-１６，IL-18与免疫球蛋白之间的关系，为哮喘的发病机制及抗变态反应性炎症治疗提供理论依据。方法：对34例哮喘儿童及21例健康体检儿童（对照组）运用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法测定IL-16，IL-18，IgE，运用免疫比浊法测定IgG，IgM，IgA。结果：哮喘发作期、缓解期IL-18与对照组比较差异有显著性（P<0.01）；发作期IL-16，IgE，IgG均显著高于对照组（P<0.01或P<0.05），IgA显著低于对照组（P<0.01）；缓解期IL-16，IgE均显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。发作期及缓解期IL-16，IL-18呈正相关（r=0.70, P<0.01；r=0.70，P<0.05），发作期IL-16与IgE呈正相关（r=0.624，P<0.01）。结论： 哮喘患儿发作期与缓解期均存在免疫失衡状态，IL-16，IL-18及IgE与哮喘发病机制有关，哮喘患儿在缓解期也应继续抗变态反应性炎症治疗，针对这些细胞因子的治疗具有潜在的价值。［中国当代儿科杂志，2006, 8 (1):6-8］

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the changes of serum levels of interleukin(IL)-16, IL-18 and immunoglobulins and the correlation of serum IL-16, IL-18 levels and immunoglobulins in children with asthma and aimed to explore the role of IL-16, IL-18 and immunoglobulins in the pathogenesis of asthma. METHODS: Thirty-four children with asthma and 21 age and gender-matched healthy children were enrolled in this study. The levels of IL-16, IL-18 and immunoglobulin E(IgE)were determined using ELISA. Immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) were detected by immunoturbidimetry. RESULTS: The levels of IL-16, IL-18 and IgE in patients with asthma at both acute attack and convalescence stages were significantly higher than those in healthy controls. An increased IgG and a decreased IgA levels were found in asthmatic patients at the acute attack stage. There was a positive correlation between the IL-16 and IL-18 levels at both acute attack and convalescence stages of asthma (r=0.70, P<0.01;r=0.70,P<0.05). The IL-16 level correlated positively with the IgE level at acute attack stage of asthma (r=0.624, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: IL-16, IL-18 and IgE may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. The immunologic imbalance exists in children with asthma at both acute attack and convalescence stages. Anti-allergic therapy should be administered through the acute attack to the convalescence stages of asthma.