该指南目的是建立能够反映当前最佳临床实践,循证的营养支持指南,为临床实践和进一步的临床研究方向提供参考。该指南参考了大量已发表的相关文献,在此基础上,由来自各相关学科的多位专家起草、审阅并反复修改而成。目标人群为早产儿、低体重出生儿等危重新生儿。指南分为肠内营养、肠外营养、肠内肠外营养联合应用三部分。当经口喂养无法满足患儿需要量时,应给予肠内或肠外营养支持。如果患儿存在胃肠道功能障碍,肠外营养是唯一选择。指南最后给出了肠内肠外营养联合应用的计算公式。

The guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for parenteral and enteral nutrition to neonates in a critical state. It is developed by the interdisciplinary expert group in accordance with officially accepted standards based on various relevant literatures. The guideline is organized into the following sections: enteral nutrition (EN) support, parenteral nutrition (PN) support and a combination of PN & EN support. The EN or PN therapy provides appropriate energy and nutrients to babies that cannot be fed by oral route. For the premature and the very low birth weight infants with delayed gastric emptying and intestinal peristalsis, neurological immaturity and respiratory compromise, the PN therapy is the only choice. The formula to calculate the calorie supplement by PN is offered in the guideline when a combination of PN & EN support is administered.