目的：IFN-γ和IL-4是抗原刺激的CD4+T细胞产生的有代表性的细胞因子,病理状态下血清中二者的水平变化可以间接反映机体的免疫状态及炎症发展趋势。该研究探讨IFN-γ和IL-4在肺炎支原体肺炎患儿急性期外周血中的变化情况,据此阐述其临床意义。方法：应用ELISA双抗体夹心法对40名正常儿童和40例肺炎支原体肺炎急性期患儿的外周血IFN-γ和IL-4进行测定。结果：正常对照组外周血血清中IFN-γ浓度为86.23±6.31pg/mL,IL-4为25.97±9.40pg/mL,肺炎支原体肺炎组IFN-γ为99.43±13.18pg/mL,IL-4为44.61±17.46pg/mL均较对照组增高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论：肺炎支原体肺炎患儿急性期存在细胞因子失衡现象,肺炎支原体肺炎的临床治疗可辅以免疫调节疗法,可能会收到更好的疗效。

OBJECTIVE: Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)are typical cytokines produced by CD4~+T cells under antigenic stimulations, and the changes of serum levels of the two cytokines can indirectly reflect the immune state and the progress of inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of IFN-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood of children with Mycoplasmal pneumonia. METHODS: The peripheral blood concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-4 were measured using ELISA in 40 children with Mycoplasmal pneumonia at the acute stage. The samples from 40 healthy children were used as the Control group. RESULTS: The serum concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-4 in the Mycoplasmal pneumonia group were 99.43±13.18 and 44.61±17.46 pg/mL, respectively, which were higher than those in the Control group (86.23±6.31 and 25.97±9.40 pg/mL respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There was an imbalance in cytokine secretion in children with Mycoplasmal pneumonia at the acute phase, suggesting that adjuvant immunological therapy is needed for Mycoplasmal pneumonia.