目的：咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)是一种与气道炎症相关的疾病,有研究表明IL-4,IL-5与IgE的产生有相关性,而且与哮喘的形成有关,因此推测IL-4,IL-5在CVA发病中起重要作用。该文旨在观察IL-4,IL-5及IgE在咳嗽变异性哮喘中的诊断价值。方法：用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA法)检测咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿、哮喘急性发作期患儿、正常同龄儿童各30例外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)内IL-4,IL-5及血清IgE水平。结果：①咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿发作期PBMCIL-4为91.57±12.19ng/L、IL-5为13.28±0.31ng/mL,显著高于缓解期的74.68±11.54ng/L,6.53±0.28ng/mL及正常对照组70.32±18.16ng/L,5.29±0.36ng/mL,(均P<0.01),但缓解期及正常对照组间差异无统计学意义;②咳嗽变异性哮喘发作期患儿血清IgE水平为279.6±41.3KU/L,显著高于缓解期153.8±37.5KU/L,两组均显著高于正常对照组的90.6±44.8KU/L,(均P<0.01);③咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿发作期IL-4,IL-5及IgE水平与哮喘患儿发作期的92.21±3.12ng/L,15.11±1.37ng/mL,287.5±41.9KU/L之间相比差异无统计学意义。结论：联合检测单个核细胞内IL-4,IL-5及血清IgE水平对咳嗽变异性哮喘的诊断有重要价值;IL-4,IL-5可能在咳嗽变异性哮喘的发病机制中起重要作用;咳嗽变异性哮喘可能存在与哮喘相同的发病机制,是典型哮喘的前驱表现。

OBJECTIVE: To study the roles of IL-4, IL-5 and IgE in childhood cough variant asthma (CVA). METHODS: The IL-4 and IL-5 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and the serum IgE levels were determined using ELISA in children with CVA in the acute stage (n=21) and in the convalesce stage (n=9). The samples from 30 children with acute bronchial asthma and from 30 healthy children were used as controls. RESULTS: The levels of PBMC IL-4 (91.57±12.19 ng/L)and IL-5 (13.28±0.31 ng/mL) in children with CVA in the acute stage were significantly higher than those in the convalesce stage (74.68±11.54 ng/L, 6.53±0.28 ng/mL) and also higher than those in the healthy controls (70.32±18.16 ng/L, 5.29±0.36 ng/mL) (P< 0.01 ). The levels of serum IgE in children with CVA in the acute stage (279.6±41.3 KU /L) were strikingly higher than those in the convalesce stage (153.8±37.5 KU/L) (P<0.01). The levels of serum IgE in children with CVA either in the acute stage or in the convalesce stage were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (90.6±44.8 KU /L ) (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IgE between children with acute CVA and acute asthma. CONCLUSIONS: A combined determination of PBMC IL-4 and IL-5 and serum IgE may be valuable for the diagnosis and the outcome evaluation of CVA. IL-4 and IL-5 may play a role in the pathogenesis of CVA. It is speculated that CVA may have similar pathogenesis to bronchial asthma since acute CVA patients have similar IL-4, IL-5 and IgE levels to children with acute bronchial asthma.