目的：肾病综合征(NS)患儿尿中丢失白蛋白的同时也伴有转铁蛋白的丢失,测定血清铁及转铁蛋白等铁代谢相关指标以及尿转铁蛋白,了解其变化及其相互关系。方法：NS患儿37例,测定其治疗前和恢复期铁代谢相关指标(血清铁、铁蛋白、转铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度、总铁结合力以及外周血红细胞参数)及尿转铁蛋白,并与正常对照组比较。结果：①在NS治疗前血清铁为18.8±3.8μmol/L,分别与恢复期的21.0±3.5μmol/L,及对照组的22.2±3.8μmol/L比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);转铁蛋白为1.9±0.3g/L,分别与恢复期的2.9±0.6g/L和对照组的3.1±0.5g/L比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);总铁结合力为56.4±9.2μmol/L,分别与恢复期的51.9±7.7μmol/L和对照组的50.7±6.8μmol/L比较,差异亦有显著性(均P<0.01);转铁蛋白饱和度为(55.7±9.2)%,与NS恢复期及对照组的(47.4±13.3)%,(46.4±8.2)%比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。②血清白蛋白与转铁蛋白呈正相关(r=0.609,P<0.01)。③血清转铁蛋白浓度与尿转铁蛋白呈负相关(r=-0.550,P<0.01)。结论：NS患儿血清铁及转铁蛋白明显降低,可能与转铁蛋白从尿中丢失有关。

OBJECTIVE: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by marked urinary excretion of albumin and other intermediated-size plasma proteins such as transferrin. The aim of this study was to determine the changes of serum iron and transferrin and the relationship between the serum and urinary transferrin. METHODS: The indexes related to iron metabolism, including serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, total iron-binding capacity, transferrin saturation and hematological parameters (Hb, MCV, MCH), and urinary transferrin were measured in 37 children with NS before treatment and at the remission stage. Thirty-five age-matched healthy children served as controls. RESULTS: Serum iron levels (18.8±3.8 μmol/L) in NS patients before treatment were significantly lower than in the healthy controls (22.2±3.8 μmol/L) and those measured at the remission stage (21.0±3.5 μmol/L) (P<0.01). Serum transferrin levels in NS patients before therapy (1.9±0.3 g/L) also decreased compared with those in the healthy controls (3.1±0.5 g/L) and those measured at the remission stage (2.9±0.6 g/L) (P<0.01). In contrast, serum total iron-binding capacity and transferrin saturation were noticeably higher in NS patients before treatment than those in the healthy controls (total iron-binding capacity 56.4±9.2 μmol/L vs 50.7±6.8 μmol, P<0.01; transferrin saturation 55.7±9.2 %vs 46.4±8.2%, P<0.01) and were also higher than those measured at the remission stage (51.9±7.7 μmol/L and 47.4±13.3%) (P<0.01). Serum transferrin positively correlated to serum albumin (r=0.609, P<0.01)and negatively correlated to urinary transferrin (r=-0.550, P<0.01) in NS patients before treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Serum iron and transferrin levels markedly decreased in NS patients, which may be partially related to the urinary loss of transferrin.