目的：了解兰州地区新生儿与其母亲的红细胞免疫功能状态及其关系，同时观察各种产科因素对新生儿红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法：采用细胞酵母花环法测定104例新生儿及其母亲的红细胞C3b受体花环率(RBC-C3bRR) 和红细胞免疫复合物受体花环率(RBC-ICR)。结果：①新生儿与其母亲比较，新生儿的RBC-C3bRR和RBC-ICR均高于产妇，差异有显著性，P<0.05。②经母婴配对分析，产妇与新生儿的RBC-C3bRR无明显相关性，P>0.05。而产妇与新生儿的RBC-ICR具有相关性且呈正相关，P<0.05。③新生儿的RBC-C3bRR和RBC-ICR与羊水、胎盘、脐带、分娩方式、产妇贫血、妊娠高血压综合征等因素无明显相关性，P>0.05。结论：新生儿的红细胞免疫功能已经相对成熟，产妇与新生儿的红细胞免疫功能具有一定相关性，羊水、胎盘、脐带、分娩方式等因素对新生儿的红细胞免疫功能无明显影响。［中国当代儿科杂志，2007，9（1）：19-21］

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation of erythrocyte immune function between normal neonates and their mothers and the influence of various obstetric factors on neonatal erythrocyte immune function. METHODS The adherent rate of complement 3b-receptor on the surface of red blood cells (RBC-C3bRR) and the immune complex adherent rate of red blood cells (RBC-ICR) were detected using the erythrocyte saccharomyces rosette test in 104 normal neonates and their mothers. The correlation of erythrocyte immune function between neonates and their mothers was evaluated by the maternal-infant paired test. RESULTS: The levels of RBC-C3bRR (16.80±1.56% vs 16.23±1.63%; P<0.05) and RBC-ICR (5.72±1.63% vs 5.02±1.38%; P<0.01)) in neonates were significantly higher than those in their mothers. There was a significantly positive correlation in RBC-ICR levels between neonates and their mothers (r = 0.28, P<0.05). No correlation was found in RBC-C3bRR levels between the two groups. Neither RBC-C3bRR nor RBC-ICR levels of neonates were associated with various obstetric factors such as amniotic fluid, placenta, umbilical cord, parturient patterns, and puerpera anemia and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The erythrocyte immune function in neonates has a relatively mature level and correlates with their mothers' erythrocyte immune function. Various obstetric factors have no influences on neonatal erythrocyte immune function.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2007, 9 (1):19-21］