目的：通过对95例紫癜性肾炎（HSPN）患儿临床表现及肾脏病理分析，阐明其临床及病理之间的联系。方法：对HSPN患儿进行临床分型及病理分级，对其进行综合分析。结果：①临床分型以肾病综合征型(27.4%)、蛋白尿＋血尿型(24.2%)多见，病理分级以Ⅲb(42.1%)最多见；②尿检正常者可见肾脏病理改变。尿检正常型、孤立性血尿或蛋白尿型以及血尿和蛋白尿型病理改变差异无显著性(P>0.05)；③孤立性血尿或蛋白尿型以及血尿和蛋白尿型病例，病程越长病理分级也越重(P＜0.05)；④免疫复合物沉积以IgA+IgG+IgM（58%)同时存在比例最高；病理分级越重，病程越短，IgA+IgG+IgM比例越高。结论：HSPN患儿临床表现为肾病综合征和肾炎型者病理改变相对较重，临床症状与病理不一定平行，尿检正常者病理改变也很明显，病程越长，病理改变呈加重趋势。免疫复合物沉积为IgA+IgG+IgM的病理改变相对较重。［中国当代儿科杂志，2007，9（2）：129-132］

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the clinical manifestations and renal pathological findings of 95 children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN)in order to explore the relationship between clinical manifestations and renal pathology in HSPN. METHODS: According to clinical manifestations, 95 HSP patients were classified into six clinical groups: 1) normal urine analysis; 2) isolated hematuria or proteinuria; 3) proteinuria with hematuria; 4) acute nephritis; 5) nephrotic syndrome; 6) acute nephritis with over 50 mg/(kg.d) of proteinuria. The severity of the renal pathological findings was determined based on the classification of the International Study of Kidney Disease (ISKDC), including grades I-VI. The relationship between clinical manifestations and the severity of renal pathological findings was studied. RESULTS: Nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinical diagnosis (26 cases), followed by proteinuria with hematuria (23 cases), normal urine analysis (20 cases), isolated hematuria or proteinuria (15 cases), acute nephritis with over 50 mg/(kg.d) of proteinuria (7 cases) and acute nephritis (4 cases). Twenty-five out of 26 patients with nephrotic syndrome had an ISKDC classification of grade III-IV. All of the four patients with acute nephrits had a classification of grade IIIb. The 7 cases of acute nephritis with over 50 mg/(kg.d) of proteinuria had a classification of grade IIIa-V. The 20 patients with normal urine analysis had a classification of grade Iia-IIIb. There were no significant differences in ISKDC classification among the patients with normal urine analysis, isolated hematuria or proteinuria, and hematuria plus proteinuria. As the course progressed, the degree of renal pathological changes in patients with isolated hematuria or proteinuria and hematuria plus proteinuria became more serious. Of all the 95 patients, 58% had co-deposition of immunoglobulins A, G and M. The percentage of co-deposition of immunoglobulins A, G and M was related to the disease course and the severity of renal pathological findings. CONCLUSIONS: HSPN children with nephrotic syndrome or acute nephritis with or without proteinuria had relatively severe renal pathological changes. The clinical manifestations were not always in parallel with the severity of renal pathological findings in HSPN children. With the course progressing, the renal pathological changes tended to be serious. The severe renal pathological manifestations came with co-deposition of immunogolobulins A, G and M in the glomerulin .［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2007, 9 (2):129-132］