目的：通过对羊水胎粪污染新生儿脐血IgE水平的检测，探讨羊水胎粪污染及其他高危因素对脐血IgE水平的影响。方法：采用ELISA法测定脐血IgE的含量。结果：①污染组新生儿脐血IgE水平与对照组比较有显著增高，两组间差异有非常显著性意义(t=4.03，P＜0.01）；②Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ度羊水胎粪污染组分别与对照组比较，Ⅰ、Ⅲ度组差异有非常显著性意义（F=4.28，P＜0.01）；Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ度组间两两比较差异无显著性；③将被检测的660例新生儿脐血IgE值按性别、胎龄、体重、胎次、早破水分组比较，早破水组与对照组比较差异有非常显著性；性别、胎龄、体重、胎次与对照组比较均差异无显著性。结论：羊水胎粪污染新生儿脐血IgE水平显著增高，早破水也是脐血IgE水平显著增高的重要危险因素。对新生儿脐血IgE水平的观察，可作为婴幼儿期过敏性疾病发生的预测的因素之一。［中国当代儿科杂志，2007，9（4）：361-363］

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of meconium-stained amniotic fluid on the cord blood IgE level in neonates. METHODS: A total of 404 neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid who were born by cesarean delivery between August 2003 and August 2005 (meconium-stained group) and 256 neonates with normal amniotic fluid delivered by cesarean (control group) were enrolled in this study. The meconium-stained group consisted of 80 cases of mild, 62 cases of moderate and 262 cases of severe meconium-stained amniotic fluid. The cord blood IgE level was measured using ELISA. RESULTS: The cord blood IgE level in the meconium-stained group was statistically higher than that in the control group(t = 4.03, P < 0.01). There were significant differences between the mild and severe meconium-stained subgroups and the control group for the cord blood IgE level (F = 4.28, P< 0.01）. The cord blood IgE level in neonates with premature rupture of the membrane between the meconium-stained and the control groups was statistically different. Sexes, gestational age, birth weight and birth order were not associated with the IgE level of cord blood. CONCLUSIONS: The cord blood IgE levels in neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid increase. Premature rupture of the membranes may be associated with an increase of cord blood IgE level. ［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2007, 9 (4):361-363］