该文回顾性地分析了240例男性儿童乳房发育症的临床资料。其中 3～10岁13例，11～15岁227例。双侧乳房增大者160例，左侧乳房增大者50例,右侧乳房增大者30例。240例男性儿童乳房发育症的病因包括青春期乳腺增生（n=219）﹑误服避孕药（n=2）、继发于其他疾病（n=5），14例无明确的原因，诊断为男性儿童特发性乳房发育症。7例病因明确者予病因治疗。1～3个月后，患儿乳房均有不同程度的缩小。其他病例未予任何药物治疗，定期随访，27个月内绝大多数病例增大的乳房均消退。［中国当代儿科杂志，2007，9（5）：404-406］

OBJECTIVE: Two hundred forty cases of childhood gynecomastia were studied retrospectively. There were 13 cases aged 3 to 10 years and 227 cases aged 11 to 15 years. Of the 240 cases of gynecomastia, 160 presented with bilateral breast enlargement, 50, left breast enlargement, and 30, right breast enlargement. The etiology of gynecomastia of the 240 patients included adolescent breast hyperplasia (n=219), drug ingestion (n=2), and secondary causes (n=5). Fourteen patients did not show identifiable causes and were diagnosed as idiopathic gynecomastia. The 8 patients with identifiable causes received specific treatment. After 1-3 months of treatment, the breasts of the patients improved. The 219 cases of adolescent breast hyperplasia and 14 cases of idiopathic gynecomastia were not given any medication. They were followed up regularly. Most of the patients recovered well within a 27-month follow-up.