目的：探讨紫癜性肾炎(HSPN)患儿急性期和恢复期血浆血栓素A2(TXA2)、前列环素(PGI2)的水平及其比值变化的临床意义。方法：采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测45例HSPN患儿急性期、恢复期及20例健康儿童血浆血栓素TXA2和PGI2水平并观察TXA2/PGI2比值的变化。结果：HSPN患儿急性期TXA2水平明显高于对照组，PGI2水平明显低于对照组，TXA2/PGI2比值明显高于对照组（P<0.01）；恢复期TXA2水平仍明显高于对照组（P<0.05），PGI2水平回升，且高于正常，TXA2/PGI2比值降至正常。结论：HSPN患儿急性期存在TXA2/PGI2平衡失调，TXA2/PGI2比值明显升高，它可能通过多种途径参与肾小球损伤的发生、发展。恢复期TXA2/PGI2比值降至正常。两者的单个变化并不重要，其比值相对平衡对HSPN患儿的康复更为重要。

OBJECTIVE: To study the changes and roles of plasma thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostaglandin I2 (PGT2) levels and their ratio in Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in children. METHODS: Plasma levels of TXA2 and PGI2 were measured using ELISA in 45 children with HSPN and 20 healthy children. RESULTS: Plasma TXA2 level was significantly higher, while plasma PGI2 level was significantly lower in HSPN children in the acute phase than in the control (P<0.01). The ratio of TXA2/PGI2 in HSPN children in the acute phase was statistically higher than in the control (9.55±3.56 vs 0.87±0.21; P<0.01). In the convalescence phase, plasma TXA2 level remained higher and plasma PGI2 level was elevated and higher than in the control, so the ratio of TXA2/PGI2 was reduced to normal level.CONCLUSIONS: The imbalance of TXA2 and PGI2 may be involved in the development of renal damage in children with HSPN. The balance of TXA2 and PGI2 contributes to renal recovery.