目的：研究早产儿胼胝体生长率与神经运动发育之间的关系。方法：2007年3～8月入住新生儿重症监护病区胎龄小于34周早产儿50例,于生后0~6周接受经前囟门矢状位颅脑超声探查，胼胝体长度测量为从膝部至压部。所有早产儿于校正胎龄3月时接受52项神经运动检查, 分析胼胝体生长率与神经运动检查结果之间的关系。结果：早产儿出生时的胼胝体平均长度为39.16 mm，生后头6周，胼胝体生长率平均1.05 mm/周；神经运动检查异常组早产儿(n=14)和神经运动检查正常组早产儿(n=36)0～2周胼胝体生长率差异无显著性意义，P>0.05, 但神经运动检查异常组早产儿2～3周和4～5周胼胝体生长率（0.68 mm/周和0.86 mm/周）慢于正常组早产儿（1.17 mm/周和1.12 mm/周），差异有显著性意义（P<0.05），合并2～6周总的生长率，异常组仍然慢于正常组（0.91 mm/周比1.15 mm/周），差异有显著性意义（P<0.01）。结论：床旁超声监测早产儿胼胝体生长发育切实可行，早产儿于校正胎龄3月时神经运动发育迟滞可能与2～6周龄时胼胝体生长率低下有关。

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the growth rate of the corpus callosum and neurological motor development in premature infants. METHODS: Fifty infants whose gestational ages were less than 34 weeks and who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from March 2007 to August 2007 were enrolled. From 0 to 6 weeks of postnatal age, the sagittal midline cranial sonography via anterior fontanel was performed, once weekly. The length and the morphology of the corpus callosum were measured. The 52-neuromotor examinations were performed at 3 months of corrected gestational age. RESULTS: The mean length of the corpus callosum was 39.16 mm at birth. The mean growth rate of the corpus callosum during the first 6 weeks of life was 1.05 mm/week. Fourteen infants showed abnormal neuromotor development and 36 had normal neuromotor function at 3 months of corrected gestational age. A decreased growth rate of the corpus callosum was observed in the abnormal nervimotion group between 2 and 3 weeks (0.68 mm/week vs 1.17 mm/week) and between 4 and 5 weeks (0.86 mm/week vs 1.12 mm/week) after birth compared with that in normal nervimotion group (P<0.05). The total growth rate of the corpus callosum from 2 to 6 weeks after birth in the abnormal nervimotion group was also lower than that in the normal nervimotion group (0.91 mm/week vs 1.15 mm/week; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A neuromotor delay at 3 months of corrected gestational age may be associated with the decreased growth rate of the corpus callosum between 2 and 6 weeks of life in premature infants.