目的：神经内镜技术在最近20年取得了重大进步并得到了广泛应用，而儿童多房脑脓肿目前仍是神经外科的急症之一，死亡率和致残率较高。该文通过总结应用神经内镜治疗儿童多房脑脓肿的临床经验，探讨神经内镜技术在手术治疗儿童多房脑脓肿中的作用。方法：2002年1月至2007年6月，该研究应用神经内镜治疗了16例多房脑脓肿的患儿。结果：该组16例患儿术后颅高压症状均缓解, 术后复查头颅CT/MRI示脓肿腔消失，仅存脓肿壁。随访到的14例患儿随访时间为6个月至5年，13例脓肿壁均消失,术后脓肿复发1例。结论：用神经内镜治疗儿童多房脑脓肿具有安全、高效、并发症少的优势。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（1）：41-43］

OBJECTIVE: Multilocular brain abscess in children is a serious neurosurgical emergency and remains a serious, life-threatening disease. This study evaluated the role of neuroendoscopy in treating multilocular brain abscess in children. METHODS: Between January 2002 and June 2007, 16 children with multilocular brain abscess underwent an operation using a pure endoscopic procedure. RESULTS: Increased intracranial pressure was relieved after operation in the 16 patients. CT/MRI after operation showed the abscess cavities disappeared and only the residual abscess walls existed in the 16 patients. Fourteen patients were followed up for 6 months to 5 years after surgery. Abscess walls disappeared in 13 patients and abscess recurred only in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: Neuroendoscopy for treatment of multilocular brain abscess is safe and effective in children.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (1):41-43］