目的：了解长沙地区儿童变态反应性疾病的过敏原状况。方法：采用AllergyScreen过敏原定量检测系统检测437例变态反应性疾病患儿血清中总IgE和特异性IgE抗体水平。结果：总IgE阳性率为68.9%，特异性IgE阳性率为69.1%；常见过敏原为户尘螨粉尘螨、牛肉、羊肉、牛奶、猫狗毛皮屑。户尘螨粉尘螨阳性率在变应性鼻炎中最高，达86.0%，特应性皮炎次之，为41.2%，湿疹、荨麻疹相对较低，分别为27.6%，20.0%；猫狗毛皮屑在特应性皮炎、湿疹中相对较高，为23.5%和18.1%，在荨麻疹和变应性鼻炎中较低，为10.0%和8.7%；牛奶、牛肉、羊肉的阳性率在这4种过敏性疾病中均较高，但在4种过敏性疾病之间差别不明显。3岁以上吸入性过敏原阳性率明显高于3岁以下（P＜0.01）。结论：在长沙地区，过敏原对儿童变态反应性疾病有着重要影响，特别是户尘螨粉尘螨、猫狗毛皮屑、牛肉、羊肉、牛奶。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（7）：543-545］

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of allergens in children with allergic disease in Changsha. METHODS: Total IgE and specific IgE against some allergens were examined by the AllergyScreen system in the sera of 437 children from Changsha with allergic disease. RESULTS: The positive rates of total IgE and special IgE were 68.9% and 69.1% respectively. Dermatophagoides farina, beef, mutton, milk and fur of cats and dogs were found as common allergens. The IgE positive rate against dermatophagoides farina was the highest in children with allergic rhinitis (86.0%), followed by in those with atopic dermatitis (41.2%), eczema (27.6%) and urticaria (20.0%). Serum IgE was positive against the fur of cats and dogs in 23.5% of children with atopic dermatitis and in 18.1% of children with eczema. The IgE positive rate was lower in children with urticaria and allergic rhinitis (10.0% and 8.7% respectively). IgE positive rates against milk, beef and mutton were high in the above four allergic diseases (range: 14.0%-24.0%), but no significant differences were observed for the IgE positive rate among the four allergic diseases. The IgE positive rate to inhalant allergens in children at ages of less than 3 years was markedly higher than that in children at ages of more than 3 years (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Allergic diseases are mainly mediated by allergens. Allergens, especially dermatophagoides farina, fur of cats and dogs, beef, mutton and milk, play an important role in childhood allergic diseases in Changsha.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (7):543-545］