目的：通过检测复发性单纯疱疹患儿外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）Toll样受体（TLR）表达水平及血清IL-6，IL-10和TNF-α水平来探讨TLR2和TLR9在儿童复发性单纯疱疹中的作用。方法：采用流式细胞术检测复发性单纯疱疹患儿PBMC上TLR2和TLR9表达水平，同时采用ELISA法检测其血清IL-6，IL-10和TNF-α水平，并探讨其相关性。13例正常儿童为对照组。结果：①复发性单纯疱疹患儿PBMC上TLR2和TLR9表达水平明显高于正常儿童（P＜0.01）。②复发性单纯疱疹患儿血清IL-6 和IL-10水平明显升高，TNF-α水平明显降低，与对照组比较，差异有非常显著性（P＜0.01）。③复发性单纯疱疹患儿TLR2和TLR9表达水平与其血清IL-6和IL-10水平存在线性相关关系（P＜0.01）。结论：①TLR2 和TLR9可能共同参与了儿童复发性单纯疱疹时人体对单纯疱疹病毒的识别，激活 TLR 信号通路。②儿童复发性单纯疱疹时TLR2和TLR9可能介导了血清IL-6、IL-10的产生和释放。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（9）：722-724］

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in children with recurrent herpes simplex, in order to investigate the role of TLR2 and TLR9 in recurrent herpes simplex. METHODS: The expression of TLR2 and TLR9 in PBMC was examined by flow cytometer, and serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were detected using ELISA in 22 children with recurrent herpes simplex and in 13 age-matched healthy volunteers. RESULTS: The expression of both TLR2 and TLR9 obviously increased in children with recurrent herpes simplex compared with that in healthy controls (P<0.01). Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 increased, while serum TNF-α levels decreased significantly in children with recurrent herpes simplex compared with those in healthy controls (P<0.01). There were positive correlations between TLR2 and TLR9 expression and serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in children with recurrent herpes simplex (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: TLR2 and TLR9 in PBMC may participate in the recognition of herpes simplex virus and activate the signal pathway of TLR in children with recurrent herpes simplex. The production and release of IL-6 and IL-10 might be mediated by TLR2 and TLR9.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (9):722-724］