目的：了解食用三聚氰胺污染奶粉相关泌尿系结石患儿的预后情况。方法：用B型超声检查泌尿系统，对北京大学第三医院儿科食用三聚氰胺污染奶粉相关泌尿系结石患儿共47例进行定期随访。结果：研究随访至6个月时，36例（77%）患儿的泌尿系结石自行排出，仅有7例泌尿系结石仍然存在，失访4例，随访中患者均未出现合并症；泌尿系结石的排出与暴露于污染奶粉中三聚氰胺量和时间无关,但与结石部位有关；男童泌尿系结石自行排出时间比女童长，但差异无统计学意义。结论：食用三聚氰胺污染奶粉相关泌尿系结石患儿的预后良好，大多数患儿的泌尿系结石可以自行排出。［中国当代儿科杂志，2010，12（4）：278-279］

OBJECTIVE: To understand the prognosis of the children with urinary calculi associated with exposure to melamine-contaminated formula. METHODS: A follow-up study was performed in 47 out-patients from the Third Hospital of Peking University who were diagnosed with urinary calculi associated with exposure to melamine-contaminated formula. Urinary tract B-ultrasound and renal function examinations were done during the 1 to 6-month follow-up. RESULTS: By the 6th month of follow-up, spontaneous stone passage was found in 36 children (77%). The follow-up failed in four children. None of the patients had any complications. Spontaneous stone passage was not associated with the volume and the period exposed to melamine in formula, but was associated with the location of calculi. The time to spontaneous stone passage in boys appeared to be longer than in girls, but there were no statistical differences. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous stone passage can be found in most children and the prognosis of children with urinary calculi associated with exposure to melamine-contaminated formula is good.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (4):278-279］