摘要 目的：为了更为全面地认识地震中儿童伤员的临床特征和救治状况，总结地震中儿童伤员救治经验。方法：收集四川大学华西医院2013年芦山地震和2008年汶川地震中收治的儿童伤员的临床信息，分析比较两次地震中儿童伤员的有关数据。结果：截至2013年4月30日，该院共收治了芦山地震14岁以下伤员34人。与汶川地震的数据比较，芦山地震儿童伤员的年龄更小（P<0.01），地震到入院的平均时间更短（P<0.01）。芦山地震中，67.6%的伤员有不同程度的肢体骨折，儿童颅脑损伤比例明显高于汶川地震（29.4% vs 9.5%，P<0.05）。芦山地震收治患儿没有截肢，没有死亡，13位极危重症和重症儿童伤员均顺利进入康复阶段。 结论：芦山地震儿童伤员中重症患儿及颅脑损伤患儿比例较高，但治疗转归较好，这可能与及时的现场救援和转运及多部门、多级医疗机构、多学科的通力合作有关。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE: To get a more comprehensive understanding of the clinical characteristics of pediatric victims in earthquake and to summarize the experience of medical rescue. METHODS: The clinical information was collected from the pediatric victims who were admitted to West China Hospital, Sichuan University following the Lushan earthquake in 2013 and Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. The clinical data were compared between the pediatric victims in the two earthquakes. RESULTS: Thirty-four children under 14 years of age, who were injured in the Lushan earthquake, were admitted to the West China Hospital before April 30, 2013. Compared with the data in the Wenchuan earthquake, the mean age of the pediatric victims in the Lushan earthquake was significantly lower (P<0.01), and the mean time from earthquake to hospitalization was significantly shorter (P<0.01). In the Lushan earthquake, 67.6% of the injured children had variable limb fractures; traumatic brain injury was found in 29.4% of hospitalized children, versus 9.5% in the Wenchuan earthquake (P<0.05). Among the 34 children, no amputation and death occurred, and all the 13 severe cases started to recover. CONCLUSIONS: There were higher proportions of severely injured children and children with traumatic brain injury in the Lushan earthquake than in the Wenchuan earthquake. But these cases recovered well, which was possibly due to timely on-site rescue and transfer and multi-sector, multi-institution, and multidisciplinary cooperation.
JIANG Xin,XIANG Bo,LIU Li-Jun et al. Clinical characteristics of pediatric victims in the Lushan and Wenchuan earthquakes and experience of medical rescue[J]. CJCP, 2013, 15(6): 419-422.
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