摘要 目的：探讨儿童人博卡病毒（HBoV）感染的临床特征。方法：采集843例下呼吸道感染患儿鼻、咽拭子标本，用多重RT-PCR方法检测HBoV和其他6种常见呼吸道病毒，分析HBoV阳性病例临床特征。结果：843例标本中检测出HBoV阳性90例（10.7%），呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）131例（15.5%），流感病毒（IFV）117例（13.9%），副流感病毒(PIV)84例（10.0%），鼻病毒(RV)55例（6.5%），冠状病毒(OC43)48例（5.7%），人类偏肺病毒(HMPV)33例（3.7%）。HBoV合并其他呼吸道感染者45例（50%），其中HBoV合并１种其他病毒感染者33例（37％），合并2种其他病毒感染者11例（12％），合并3种其他病毒感染者1例（1％）。伴喘息的患儿HBoV检出率高于不伴喘息的患儿（17.0% vs 9.2%，P<0.01）。HBoV阳性患儿常见的临床表现为频咳、喘息和发热。HBoV阳性组与RSV阳性组中喘息发生的构成比差异无统计学意义。结论：伴喘息发作的下呼吸道感染患儿中，HboV阳性检出率明显高于不伴喘息发作患儿，提示HBoV可能是除RSV外另一种引起儿童喘息的呼吸道病毒。HBoV与其他呼吸道病毒存在着混合感染。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of human bocavirus (HBoV) infection in children. METHODS: Nasal and throat swab samples were collected in 843 children with lower respiratory tract infection. The multiple RT-PCR method was used to detect HBoV and six other common respiratory tract viruses. The clinical characteristics of HboV positive cases were investigated. RESULTS: Among 843 cases, 90 were HboV positive (10.7%), 131 were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) positive (15.5%), 117 were influenza virus positive (13.9%), 84 were parainfluenza virus positive (10.0%), 55 were rhinovirus positive (6.5%), 48 were coronavirus positive (5.7%), and 33 were human metapneumovirus positive (3.7%). Of the 90 HBoV infected patients, 45 (50%) showed a co-infection with other respiratory tract viruses. Among them, 33 were infected with one other type of virus (37%), 11 (12%) were infected with two other types of virus, and 1 case (1%) was infected with other three viruses. The HBoV positive rate in children with wheezing was significantly higher than those without wheezing (17.0% vs 9.2%; P<0.01). The common clinical manifestations of HBoV-infected patients included frequent coughing, wheezing and fever. There were no significant differences in the frequency of wheezing between HBoV and RSV infected patients. CONCLUSIONS: HBoV positive rate detected from children with wheezing is higher than from children without wheezing, suggesting that apart from RSV, HBoV is another virus causing wheezing in children with respiratory tract infection. Co-infections of HBoV with other respiratory track viruses can be present in some patients.
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