The assessment of general movements: a reliable tool for predicting the neurodevelopment of preterm infants in an very early phase
LI Ning, JIA Fei-Yong, DU Lin
Division of Pediatric Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, Second Part of First Hospital of Jilin university, Changchun 130031, China. feiyong_ jia@yahoo.cn
Abstract：Cerebral palsy (CP) is a permanent disorder in the development of movement and posture in the developing infant brain and is one of the major disabilities that result from extremely preterm birth. Early identification of possible neurodevelopmental injury offers the opportunity to deliver intervention at a very early age and thus prevent severe disability. The assessment of general movements (GMs), has emerged as a reliable and valid predictor of severe neurologic deficits in infants. This method is based on a visual Gestalt perception of the quality of GMs in the preterm and term periods, and postterm up to 5 months. The quality of “fidgety movements” is the most valuable marker for predicting neurologic outcomes.
LI Ning,JIA Fei-Yong,DU Lin. The assessment of general movements: a reliable tool for predicting the neurodevelopment of preterm infants in an very early phase[J]. CJCP, 2013, 15(4): 317-320.
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［24］Burger M, Louw QA.The predictive validity of general movements—a systematic review［J］. Eur J Paediatr Neurol, 2009, 13(5): 408-420.
［25］Sustersic B, Sustar K, Paro-Panjan D.General movements of preterm infants in relation to their motor competence between 5 and 6 years［J/OL］. Eur J Paediatr Neurol, 2012, 16(6): 724-729.
［26］Darsaklis V, Snider LM, Majnemer A, Mazer B.Predictive validity of Prechtl's Method on the Qualitative Assessment of General Movements: a systematic review of the evidence［J］. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2011, 53(10): 896-906.
［27］Burger M, Frieg A, Louw QA.General movements as a predictive tool of the neurological outcome in very low and extremely low birth weight infants—a South African perspective［J］. Early Hum Dev, 2011, 87(4): 303-308.
［28］Hamer EG, Bos AF, Hadders-Algra M.Assessment of specific characteristics of abnormal general movements: does it enhance the prediction of cerebral palsy?［J］. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2011, 53(8): 751-756.
［29］Einspieler C, Hirota H, Yuge M, Dejima S, Marschik PB. Early behavioural manifestation of Smith-Magenis syndrome (del 17p11.2) in a 4-month-old boy［J/OL］. Dev Neurorehabil, 2012, 15(4): 313-316.
［30］Yuge M, Marschik PB, Nakajima Y, Yamori Y, Kanda T, Hirota H, et al. Movements and postures of infants aged 3 to 5 months: to what extent is their optimality related to perinatal events and to the neurological outcome?［J］. Early Hum Dev, 2011, 87(3): 231-237.
［31］Guzzetta A, Pizzardi A, Belmonti V, Boldrini A, Carotenuto M, D'Acunto G, et al. Hand movements at 3 months predict later hemiplegia in term infants with neonatal cerebral infarction［J］. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2010, 52(8): 767-772.
［32］Bruggink JL, Einspieler C, Butcher PR, Van Braeckel KN, Prechtl HF, Bos AF.The Quality of the Early Motor Repertoire in Preterm Infants Predicts Minor Neurologic Dysfunction at School Age［J］. J Pediatr, 2008, 153(1): 32-39.
［33］Einspieler C, Kerr AM, Prechtl HF. Is the early development of girls with Rett disorder really normal?［J］. Pediatr Res, 2005, 57(5 Pt 1): 696-700.
［34］Phagava H, Muratori F, Einspieler C, Maestro S, Apicella F, Guzzetta A, et al.General movements in infants with autism spectrum disorders［J］. Georgian Med News, 2008, (156): 100-105.
［35］Adde L, Helbostad JL, Jensenius AR, Taraldsen G, Grunewaldt KH, Stoen R.Early prediction of cerebral palsy by computer-based video analysis of general movements: a feasibility study［J］. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2010, 52(8): 773-778.
［36］Noble Y, Boyd R.Neonatal assessments for the preterm infant up to 4 months corrected age: a systematic review［J］. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2012, 54(2): 129-139.
［37］Spittle AJ, Doyle LW, Boyd RN. A systematic review of the clinimetric properties of neuromotor assessments for preterm infants during the first year of life［J］. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2008, 50(4): 254-266.
［38］Mutlu A, Einspieler C, Marschik PB, Livanelioglu A.Intra-individual consistency in the quality of neonatal general movements［J］. Neonatology, 2008, 213-216.
［39］杨红.全身运动质量评估［J］.中国循证儿科杂志,2007,2（2）:138-143.
［40］Valentin T, Uhl K, Einspieler C.The effectiveness of training in Prechtl's method on the qualitative assessment of general movements［J］. Early Hum Dev, 2005, 81(7): 623-627.
［41］Spittle AJ, Boyd RN, Inder TE, Doyle LW.Predicting motor development in very preterm infants at 12 months′ corrected age: the role of qualitative magnetic resonance imaging and general movements assessments［J］. Pediatrics, 2009, 123(2): 512-517.
［42］Mutlu A, Livanelioglu A, Korkmaz A.Assessment of “general movements” in high-risk infants by Prechtl analysis during early intervention period in the first year of life［J］. Turk J Pediatr, 2010, 52(6):630-637.
