目的 探讨夜间喂养终止时间对儿童30月龄时身高、体重、营养状况及龋齿患病率的影响。方法 选择2014年1月至2015年9月出生并在儿童保健门诊按要求完成健康体检的416例儿童，在其30月龄体检时采用综合儿童保健记录并辅以自制调查问卷的方式，将6月龄后继续夜间喂养者作为研究组（n=269），6月龄终止夜间喂养者作为对照组（n=147）。比较两组儿童在30月龄时身高、体重、超重/肥胖发生率及龋齿患病率的差异。结果 研究组儿童30月龄时平均身高低于对照组（92.4±3.0 cm vs 93.3±2.8 cm，P < 0.05），且具有更高的超重/肥胖发生率（23.8% vs 12.2%，P < 0.05）和更高的龋齿患病率（14.9% vs 7.5%，P < 0.05）。结论 6月龄后继续夜间喂养影响婴幼儿生长发育、造成营养过剩以及增加龋齿患病率。
Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of end time of night feeding on body height, body weight, nutritional status, and prevalence rate of dental caries in children at the age of 30 months. Methods A total of 416 children who were born from January 2014 to September 2015 and had completed a physical examination as required were enrolled. During the physical examination performed at the age of 30 months, the comprehensive child care record and a self-made questionnaire were used. The children who continued to receive night feeding after the age of 6 months were enrolled as study group (n=269), and those for whom night feeding was ended at the age of 6 months were enrolled as control group (n=147). The two groups were compared in terms of body height, body weight, incidence rate of overweight/obesity, and prevalence rate of dental caries at the age of 30 months. Results Compared with the control group, the study group had a significantly lower body height (92.4±3.0 cm vs 93.3±2.8 cm; P < 0.05), a significantly higher incidence rate of overweight/obesity (23.8% vs 12.2%; P < 0.05), and a significantly higher prevalence rate of dental caries (14.9% vs 7.5%; P < 0.05) at the age of 30 months. Conclusions Night feeding continued after the age of 6 months can affect the growth and development of infants/toddlers, cause overnutrition, and increase the prevalence rate of dental caries.
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