目的探讨单倍体造血干细胞（haplo-HSC）联合第三方脐血（tpCB）移植治疗X连锁慢性肉芽肿（X-CGD）的临床疗效。方法 2014年4月至2018年3月我院收治26例男性X-CGD患儿，采用haplo-HSC联合tpCB移植治疗，移植中位年龄3.5岁，供者25例为父亲，1例为姑姑。HLA配型5/6相合9例，4/6相合12例，3/6相合5例。清髓性预处理方案选用白消安/环磷酰胺/氟达拉滨/抗胸腺球蛋白；预防急性移植物抗宿主病（aGVHD）采用环孢素A和吗替麦考酚酯。于移植第1天分别输注单倍体骨髓造血干细胞和tpCB，移植第2天输注单倍体外周造血干细胞，回输单倍体总有核细胞中位数为14.6×108/kg体重，CD34+细胞中位数为5.9×106/kg体重，CD3+细胞中位数为2.1×108/kg体重。结果中性粒细胞和血小板植入中位天数分别是移植后12 d和23 d。移植后30 d为供者型完全嵌合，其中25例为单倍体，1例为脐血。无1例发生原发性植入失败和植入功能不良，1例发生继发性植入失败。NADPH氧化酶活力于移植后1个月均恢复正常。Ⅰ~Ⅱ度aGVHD发生率达35%，Ⅲ~Ⅳ度达15%，1例出现慢性GVHD（cGVHD，皮肤局限性），予激素未进展。随访6~52个月，存活25例，其中24例为无病存活（23例不伴cGVHD，1例伴慢性局限型皮肤排异），NADPH氧化酶活性均恢复正常，1例发生继发性植入失败但仍存活；1例于移植后16个月死于病毒性间质性肺炎。5年的EFS率和OS率分别为81%±12%和89%±10%。结论 haplo-HSC联合tpCB是治疗儿童X-CGD的有效方法之一。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of haploid hematopoietic stem cells (haplo-HSC) combined with third-party umbilical cord blood (tpCB) transplantation in the treatment of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD). Methods The clinical data of 26 boys with X-CGD were retrospectively analyzed who were admitted to the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital between April 2014 and March 2018. All the patients were treated with haplo-HSC combined with tpCB transplantation. The median age of the patients was 3.5 years. The donor was the father in 25 cases and an aunt in 1 case. Transplantation was 5/6 HLA-matched in 9 cases, 4/6 in 12 cases, and 3/6 in 5 cases. The patients received busulfan, cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, or anti-thymocyte globulin for myeloablative preconditioning. Cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil were used for prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Then the patients were treated with haploid bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells combined with tpCB transplantation on day 1 and haploid peripheral hematopoietic stem cells on day 2. The counts of median donor total nucleated cells, CD34+ cells, and CD3+ cells were 14.6×108/kg, 5.86×106/kg, and 2.13×108/kg respectively. Results The median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 12 and 23 days after transplantation respectively. Full donor hematopoietic chimerism was observed on day 30. Twenty-five cases were from haplo-HSC and 1 was from cord blood. No primary implant failure and implant dysfunction occurred, and secondary implant failure occurred in one case. The NADPH oxidase activity returned to normal one month after transplantation. The incidence of grade I-Ⅱ aGVHD and grade Ⅲ-IV aGVHD was 35% and 15% respectively. Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) of the skin occurred in one case, and no progression was observed after steroid administration. During the follow-up period of 6-51 months, 25 patients survived, of whom 24 were disease-free (23 patients without cGVHD and 1 with cGVHD of the skin) and NADPH oxidase activity returned to normal; one patient developed secondary implant failure but survived; one patient died of viral interstitial pneumonia 16 months after transplantation. The 5-year event-free survival rate and overall survival rate were 81%±12% and 89%±10% respectively. Conclusions Haplo-HSC combined with tpCB transplantation is one of the effective methods for the treatment of X-CGD in children.
关键词
慢性肉芽肿 /
单倍体造血干细胞 /
脐血 /
移植 /
儿童
Key words
Chronic granulomatous disease /
Haploid hematopoietic stem cell /
Cord blood /
Transplantation /
Child
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