青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间的关联研究

doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2105124

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摘要目的研究青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间的关系。方法采用整群抽样法，于2014~2018年抽取河南省新乡市6 195名初高中生进行调查研究。调查工具包括一般社会资料问卷、父母教养方式问卷及Kutcher青少年抑郁量表（11项）。采用多因素logistic回归分析评估青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间的关联。结果有效问卷为6 194份，其中男性2 586名（41.75%），女性3 608（58.25%）；年龄（16.4±1.9）岁（范围：11~20岁）。在6 194名青少年中，1 333名（21.52%）青少年有抑郁情绪，508名（8.20%）青少年有自杀意念。青少年的抑郁情绪与母亲的控制（OR=1.059，P<0.001）和父亲的控制呈明显正关联（OR=1.061，P<0.001），而与母亲的关爱（OR=0.937，P<0.001）和父亲的关爱（OR=0.917，P<0.001）呈明显负关联。青少年的自杀意念与母亲的控制（OR=1.110，P<0.001）和父亲的控制（OR=1.076，P<0.001）呈明显正关联，而与母亲的关爱（OR=0.895，P<0.001）和父亲的关爱（OR=0.914，P<0.001）呈明显负关联。结论父母的关爱可降低青少年抑郁情绪的发生风险，而父母控制性可增加青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念的发生风险。引用格式:

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关键词 ：抑郁情绪, 自杀意念, 父母教养方式, 青少年

Abstract：Objective To study the association of depression and suicidal ideation with parenting style in adolescents. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select 6 195 junior and senior high school students in Xinxiang City of Henan Province, China, from 2014 to 2018. The survey tools included a general social information questionnaire, the Parental Bonding Instrument, and the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (11 items). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association of depression and suicidal ideation with parenting style in adolescents. Results There were 6 194 valid questionnaires in total, including 2 586 boys (41.75%) and 3 608 girls (58.25%), with a mean age of (16.4±1.9) years (range: 11-20 years). Among these 6 194 students, 1 333 (21.52%) had depression, and 508 (8.20%) had suicidal ideation. Depression in adolescents was positively correlated with maternal control (OR=1.059, P<0.001) and paternal control (OR=1.061, P<0.001), but negatively correlated with maternal care (OR=0.937, P<0.001) and paternal care (OR=0.917, P<0.001). Suicide ideation in adolescents was positively correlated with maternal control (OR=1.110, P<0.001) and paternal control (OR=1.076, P<0.001), but negatively correlated with maternal care (OR=0.895, P<0.001) and paternal care (OR=0.914, P<0.001). Conclusions Parental care may decrease the risk of depression and suicide ideation, while parental control may increase the risk of depression and suicide ideation in adolescents. Citation:

Key words： Depression Suicidal ideation Parenting style Adolescent

收稿日期: 2021-05-27

基金资助:上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心院级课题（2014-YJ-01）；上海市自然科学基金（19ZR1445000）；上海市哲学社会科学“十三五”规划（2019BSH012）。

通讯作者: 吴彦，男，主任医师。Email： drwuyan@163.com。 E-mail: drwuyan@163.com

作者简介: 从恩朝，女，博士，副主任医；

引用本文:

从恩朝,蔡亦蕴,王韵等. 青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间的关联研究[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2021, 23(9): 938-943.

CONG En-Zhao,CAI Yi-Yun,WANG Yun et al. Association of depression and suicidal ideation with parenting style in adolescents[J]. CJCP, 2021, 23(9): 938-943.

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