支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia，BPD）是早产儿常见的慢性肺部疾病，严重影响其生存质量。BPD不仅威胁早产儿生命，还可能留有严重后遗症，比如喂养困难、反复下呼吸道感染、气道高反应性疾病、生长发育迟缓及神经发育迟缓等。为了进一步规范BPD早产儿出院后的随访管理，海峡两岸医药卫生交流协会新生儿学专业委员会新生儿循证医学学组基于国内外临床证据，结合临床实践经验，主要从BPD早产儿出院后呼吸系统疾病、生长发育、肺动脉高压、神经发育不良、代谢性骨病及疫苗接种的随访与管理等方面制定了该专家共识。 用格式：引用格式:中国当代儿科杂志，2022，24（5）：455-465

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in preterm infants and seriously affects the quality of life of preterm infants. BPD is a life-threatening disease to preterm infants and may lead to serious sequelae including feeding difficulties, recurrent lower respiratory tract infection, airway hyperreactive diseases, growth retardation, and neurodevelopmental delay. In order to further standardize the follow-up management of preterm infants with BPD after discharge, based on related clinical evidence in China and overseas and practice experience, the Neonatal Evidence-Based Medicine Group, Committee of Neonatal Medicine, Cross-Strait Medical and Health Exchange Association, formulated this expert consensus from the aspects of the follow-up and management of respiratory diseases, growth and development, pulmonary hypertension, nerve dysplasia, metabolic bone disease, and vaccination of preterm infants with BPD after discharge. Citation:Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2022, 24(5): 455-465