目的 探讨行机械通气治疗患儿在撤机后序贯维持镇痛镇静药物对预防谵妄及撤药反应的效果。 方法 回顾性将2019年12月至2021年9月广东医科大学附属东莞市儿童医院儿童重症监护室收治的机械通气支持≥5 d的61例患儿分为对照组（30例，撤机后无镇痛镇静药物维持）及观察组（31例，撤机后序贯镇痛镇静药物维持48 h），记录两组患儿撤机后24 h及72 h索菲亚撤药反应观察量表（Sophia Observation Withdrawal Symptoms Scale，SOS）评分、儿童谵妄量表（Paediatric Delirium Scale，PD）评分、Richmond躁动镇静量表（Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale，RASS）评分及谵妄发生例数、撤药反应发生例数，并进行比较分析。 结果 两组患儿撤机后24 h及72 h谵妄发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；观察组撤机后24 h及72 h撤药反应发生率、SOS评分、PD评分、RASS评分均低于对照组（P<0.01）。 结论 撤机后序贯镇痛镇静可降低行机械通气治疗重症患儿撤机后72 h内撤药反应发生率，但不能有效降低患儿撤机后谵妄发生率。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of sequential sedative and analgesic drugs in preventing delirium and withdrawal symptoms in children after ventilator weaning. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 61 children who were admitted and received mechanical ventilation support for ≥5 days in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Dongguan Children's Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University from December 2019 to September 2021. The children were divided into a control group (30 children with no maintenance of analgesic and sedative drugs after ventilator weaning) and an observation group (31 children with sequential sedative and analgesic drugs maintained for 48 hours after ventilator weaning). The two groups were compared in terms of the Sophia Observation Withdrawal Symptoms Scale (SOS) score, the Pediatric Delirium Scale (PD) score, the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score, and the incidence rates of delirium or withdrawal symptoms at 24 and 72 hours after ventilator weaning. Results There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of delirium at 24 hours and 72 hours after ventilator weaning between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly lower incidence rate of withdrawal symptoms and scores of SOS, PD, and RASS scales at 24 hours and 72 hours after ventilator weaning (P<0.01). Conclusions Sequential sedation and analgesia after ventilator weaning can reduce the incidence of withdrawal symptoms within 72 hours after ventilator weaning, but it cannot reduce the incidence rate of delirium.
关键词
谵妄 /
撤药反应 /
镇痛镇静 /
机械通气 /
儿童
Key words
Delirium /
Withdrawal symptom /
Analgesia and sedation /
Mechanical ventilation /
Child
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参考文献
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基金
东莞市社会发展科技项目面上项目（20211800900672）。
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