P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the total score of the auditory processing scale (rs30=0.531, P<0.05; rs27=0.627, P<0.05) as well as the scores of its subdimensions, including auditory decoding (rs=0.628, P<0.05), auditory attention (rs=0.492, P<0.05), and communication (rs=0.399, P<0.05). The hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the auditory processing scale (rs=0.429, P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the K-CPT was positively correlated with the total score (rs30=0.574, P<0.05; rs27=0.485, P<0.05) and the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score (rs=0.602, P<0.05) of the auditory processing scale. Conclusions Preschool children with ADHD have the risk of AP abnormalities, and the auditory processing scale should be used early for the screening and evaluation of AP abnormalities in children. "/>
学龄前儿童听处理评估量表在注意缺陷多动障碍儿童中的应用研究
Abstract：Objective To investigate the characteristics of auditory processing (AP) in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale (hereafter referred to as "auditory processing scale"). Methods A total of 41 children with ADHD and 41 typically developing (TD) children were assessed using the auditory processing scale, SNAP-IV rating scale, and Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT). The auditory processing scale score was compared between the TD and ADHD groups. The correlations of the score with SNAP-IV and K-CPT scores were assessed. Results Compared with the TD group, the ADHD group had significantly higher total score of the auditory processing scale and scores of all dimensions except visual attention (P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the total score of the auditory processing scale (rs30=0.531, P<0.05; rs27=0.627, P<0.05) as well as the scores of its subdimensions, including auditory decoding (rs=0.628, P<0.05), auditory attention (rs=0.492, P<0.05), and communication (rs=0.399, P<0.05). The hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the auditory processing scale (rs=0.429, P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the K-CPT was positively correlated with the total score (rs30=0.574, P<0.05; rs27=0.485, P<0.05) and the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score (rs=0.602, P<0.05) of the auditory processing scale. Conclusions Preschool children with ADHD have the risk of AP abnormalities, and the auditory processing scale should be used early for the screening and evaluation of AP abnormalities in children.
SUN Yu-Ying,ZHU Hui-Qin,LIU Pan-Ting et al. Application of Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder[J]. CJCP, 2023, 25(8): 824-830.
Wang T, Liu K, Li Z, et al. Prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Psychiatry, 2017, 17(1): 32. PMID: 28103833. PMCID: PMC5244567. DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1187-9.
7 ASHA. Central auditory processing disorder[EB/OL]. [2023-02-01]. https://www.asha.org/Practice-Portal/Clinical-Topics/Central-Auditory-Processing-Disorder/.
Choi SMR, Kei J, Wilson WJ. Hearing and auditory processing abilities in primary school children with learning difficulties[J]. Ear Hear, 2019, 40(3): 700-709. PMID: 30192258. DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000652.
Chinn LK, Zhukova MA, Kroeger RJ, et al. Auditory brainstem response deficits in learning disorders and developmental language disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 20124. PMID: 36418364. PMCID: PMC9684495. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20438-7.
11 American Academy of Audiology. Clinical practice guidelines: diagnosis, treatment, and management of children and adults with central auditory processing disorder[EB/OL]. (2010-08-10)[2023-02-01]. https://www.audiology.org/practice-guideline/clinical-practice-guidelines-diagnosis-treatment-and-management-of-children-and-adults-with-central-auditory-processing-disorder/.
12 British Society of Audiology. Position statement and practice guidance auditory processing disorder (APD)[EB/OL]. [2023-02-01]. https://www.thebsa.org.uk/resources/position-statement-practice-guidance-auditory-processing-disorder-apd/.
13 Aristidou IL, Hohman MH. Central Auditory Processing Disorder[M]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2023.
Cook JR, Mausbach T, Burd L, et al. A preliminary study of the relationship between central auditory processing disorder and attention deficit disorder[J]. J Psychiatry Neurosci, 1993, 18(3): 130-137. PMID: 8499429. PMCID: PMC1188509.
S?derlund GB, Bj?rk C, Gustafsson P. Comparing auditory noise treatment with stimulant medication on cognitive task performance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results from a pilot study[J]. Front Psychol, 2016, 7: 1331. PMID: 27656153. PMCID: PMC5011143. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01331.
Tien YM, Chen VC, Lo TS, et al. Deficits in auditory sensory discrimination among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder[J]. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2019, 28(5): 645-653. PMID: 30229307. DOI: 10.1007/s00787-018-1228-7.
Jafari Z, Malayeri S, Rostami R. Subcortical encoding of speech cues in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder[J]. Clin Neurophysiol, 2015, 126(2): 325-332. PMID: 25066938. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.06.007.
Yamamuro K, Ota T, Iida J, et al. Event-related potentials correlate with the severity of child and adolescent patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder[J]. Neuropsychobiology, 2016, 73(3): 131-138. PMID: 27055108. DOI: 10.1159/000444490.
Liu P, Lin H, Xiao Z, et al. The development, validity, reliability, and norm of a preschool auditory processing assessment scale in China[J]. Res Dev Disabil, 2022, 128: 104272. PMID: 35671550. DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104272.
20 American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders[M]. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2013: 59-66.
Wang LJ, Lee SY, Tsai CS, et al. Validity of visual and auditory attention tests for detecting ADHD[J]. J Atten Disord, 2021, 25(8): 1160-1169. PMID: 31777308. DOI: 10.1177/1087054719887433.
Korrel H, Mueller KL, Silk T, et al. Research review: language problems in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic meta-analytic review[J]. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2017, 58(6): 640-654. PMID: 28186338. DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12688.
Nudel R, Christiani CAJ, Ohland J, et al. Language deficits in specific language impairment, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder: an analysis of polygenic risk[J]. Autism Res, 2020, 13(3): 369-381. PMID: 31577390. PMCID: PMC7078922. DOI: 10.1002/aur.2211.
Tambyraja SR, Rhoad-Drogalis A, Khan KS, et al. Inattentiveness and language abilities in preschoolers: a latent profile analysis[J]. J Abnorm Child Psycho, 2019, 47(2): 245-257. PMID: 29936661. DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0451-5.
Sciberras E, Mueller KL, Efron D, et al. Language problems in children with ADHD: a community-based study[J]. Pediatrics, 2014, 133(5): 793-800. PMID: 24753530. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-3355.
Langer N, Benjamin C, Becker BLC, et al. Comorbidity of reading disabilities and ADHD: structural and functional brain characteristics[J]. Hum Brain Mapp, 2019, 40(9): 2677-2698. PMID: 30784139. PMCID: PMC6508987. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24552.
