经外周静脉置入中心静脉穿刺术（peripherally inserted central catheter, PICC）是新生儿重症监护病房必备的常规技术，也是重要的生命支持技术。近年来，床旁超声引导下的导管置入术及导管尖端超声定位技术在新生儿临床中广泛应用，相比于传统方法优势明显。该指南依据现有可获得的证据资料，依托国内该领域有实践经验的专家，制定出适合中国国情的新生儿超声监测下血管选择、超声引导下PICC置管及PICC尖端超声定位临床实践指南。该指南针对10个关键临床问题形成了22条推荐意见，内容涵盖PICC置管前血管选择、置管过程中超声引导定位、置管后动态监测及疑难问题解决等关键技术环节，旨在推动该技术在我国新生儿重症监护病房的规范应用，减少并发症，提高安全性。

Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement is an essential routine procedure in neonatal intensive care units and an important life-support technology. In recent years, point-of-care ultrasound-guided catheter insertion and ultrasound localization of catheter tips have been widely applied in neonatal practice and demonstrate clear advantages over traditional methods. This guideline was developed on the basis of currently available evidence and the practical experience of domestic experts, and it is tailored to the Chinese context. It provides clinical practice recommendations for ultrasound-monitored vascular selection, ultrasound-guided PICC cannulation, and ultrasound localization of the PICC tip. In total, 22 recommendations addressing 10 key clinical questions are presented, covering pre-insertion vascular selection, intra-procedural ultrasound-guided localization, post-insertion dynamic monitoring, and troubleshooting of difficult scenarios. The aim is to promote standardized application of this technology in neonatal intensive care units in China, reduce complications, and improve safety.