儿童炎症性肠病（pediatric inflammatory bowel disease, PIBD）是一类免疫介导的慢性胃肠道炎症性疾病，全球发病率逐年上升。生长迟缓是PIBD，尤其是克罗恩病最常见的肠外并发症之一，严重影响患儿的生存质量及最终成年身高。该并发症发病机制复杂，涉及慢性肠道炎症、营养不良、内分泌轴紊乱及糖皮质激素治疗不良反应等多种因素。目前，临床以控制炎症和优化营养为主，但仍有部分患儿存在持续性生长障碍。重组人生长激素可直接促进线性生长，其用于PIBD的潜在治疗价值逐渐受到关注。该文系统综述PIBD相关生长迟缓的发病机制，总结重组人生长激素在PIBD中的研究进展与临床应用挑战，旨在为PIBD相关生长障碍的临床治疗提供参考。

Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, with a steadily increasing global incidence. Growth retardation is one of the most common extraintestinal complications of PIBD, especially in children with Crohn's disease, severely affecting their quality of life and final adult height. The pathogenesis of this complication is complex, involving chronic intestinal inflammation, malnutrition, dysregulation of the endocrine axis, and adverse effects of glucocorticoid therapy. Current clinical management primarily focuses on controlling inflammation and optimizing nutrition, but some patients still experience persistent growth impairment. Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) directly promotes linear growth and its potential therapeutic value in PIBD has attracted increasing attention. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of PIBD-related growth retardation and outlines recent progress and clinical challenges in rhGH application in PIBD, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical management of PIBD-associated growth disorders.