目的 系统评价艾曲泊帕治疗儿童免疫性血小板减少症（immune thrombocytopenia，ITP）的安全性及有效性。 方法 检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、维普数据库、中国知网、万方数据库，筛选艾曲泊帕治疗儿童ITP的文献，使用RevMan 5.3及R 3.6软件对所纳入研究进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入11篇文献，其中随机对照研究2篇，队列研究9篇。9篇队列研究文献的Meta分析显示艾曲泊帕治疗儿童ITP的有效率约70%（95%CI：65%~76%），均未发生严重不良反应。2篇随机对照研究的Meta分析显示，艾曲泊帕组有效率高于安慰剂组（RR=2.64，95%CI：1.58~4.44，P<0.05），而不良事件及严重不良事件发生率与安慰剂组相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 艾曲泊帕作为二线方案治疗儿童ITP有效，且安全性好。 引用格式:

Objective To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in the treatment of children with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Weipu Data, CNKI, and Wanfang Data were searched for studies on eltrombopag used for the treatment of children with ITP. RevMan 5.3 and R version 3.6 were used to perform a Meta analysis of included studies. Results A total of 11 studies were included, with 2 randomized controlled trials and 9 cohort studies. The Meta analysis of the 9 cohort studies showed that eltrombopag had a response rate of about 70% (95%CI: 65%-76%) in the treatment of children with ITP, with no serious adverse events. The Meta analysis of the randomized controlled trials showed that the eltrombopag group had a higher response rate than the placebo group (RR=2.64, 95%CI: 1.58-4.44, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the incidence rates of adverse events and serious adverse events between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Eltrombopag has good efficacy and safety as a second-line treatment regimen for children with ITP.